Logo

CD/DVD icon is not showing in File Explorer

In the past, CDs, DVDs, and floppy drivers used to be the primary sources of external storage for many users – that is until the USB storage devices took over. These days, a lot of devices no longer have a built-in CD or DVD writer or reader as it contributes to the thickness of the device. On the other hand, there are still various devices that still come with a built-in CD or DVD writer or reader. However, recently, users who still use CD or DVD on their devices reported a problem where the CD or DVD icon is not visible in the File Explorer as well as in “This PC” or the My Computer page. The cause of this issue is still unknown at the time of writing, but there are still some potential fixes you can try to fix it. You can try to update or roll back the device drivers or apply some tweaks in the Registry Editor. For more details, refer to the given options below.

Option 1 – Try to update or rollback device drivers

The first thing you can try to fix the missing CD or DVD icon is to either update or roll back the device drivers. It is most likely that after you updated your Windows computer that your driver also needs a refresh. On the other hand, if you have just updated your device drivers then you need to roll back the drivers to their previous versions. Whichever applies to you, refer to the steps below.

  • Open the Devices Manager from the Win X Menu.
  • Then locate the device drivers and right-click on them to open the Properties. Note that the concerned drivers will be listed under the DVD/CD-ROM drives section as well as the IDE/ATAPI Controllers section.
  • From there, look for the following drivers:
    • ATA Channel 0.
    • ATA Channel 1.
    • Standard Dual Channel PCI IDE Controller.
  • Now, right-click on each one of the listed drivers and update them all. You could also try to roll them back to their previous versions.

Note: You can also directly download the relevant drivers of your computer from the manufacturers’ website. So if you have an SSD, the issue might be due to an old storage driver.

Option 2 – Try to use the Registry Editor

  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and type “Regedit” in the field and then tap Enter to open the Registry Editor.
  • Next, navigate to this registry key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlClass{4D36E965-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}
  • After that, look for the DWORD values named “UpperFilters” and “LowerFilters”.
  • Right-click on each one of these DWORD values and select Delete.
  • Now restart your computer and see if it fixes the problem.

Option 3 – Try creating a new Registry entry

There is another option you can try in the Windows Registry to fix the missing icon of the CD/DVD. You can try adding a new entry. How? Refer to these steps:

  • Tap the Win ­+ R keys to open the Run dialog box and type “Regedit” in the field and hit Enter to open the Registry Editor.
  • After that, navigate to this registry path: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesatapi
  • From there, right-click on “ATAPI” and select New > Key.
  • After that, name it is “Controller0” and right-click on the sub-key and then select New > DWORD (32-bit) Value.
  • Now name it as “EnumDevice1” and double click on it and then set its value data to “1”.
  • Click OK and restart your computer to apply the changes made successfully.

Do You Need Help with Your Device?

Our Team of Experts May Help
Troubleshoot.Tech Experts are There for You!
Replace damaged files
Restore performance
Free disk space
Remove Malware
Protects WEB browser
Remove Viruses
Stop PC freezing
GET HELP
Troubleshoot.Tech experts work with all versions of Microsoft Windows including Windows 11, with Android, Mac, and more.

Share this article:

You might also like

Fix 0x800f0982, PSFX E MATCHING COMPONENT
If you encounter an error saying, “0x800f0982 – PSFX_E_MATCHING_COMPONENT_NOT_FOUND”, when you try to install a Windows 10 cumulative update, then you’ve come to the right place as this post will help you sort this problem out. According to the reports, computers with Asian language packs installed are the ones that are mostly affected by this error. In fact, the same error code was also found with two KB4493509, KB4495667 and KB4501835. These cumulative updates are released as part of Patch Tuesday. However, it appears that it brought on issues. Thus, to fix the error, you can try to uninstall and reinstall any language packs you’ve added recently. You can also try to uninstall older KB updates or delay Windows Update, as well as reset Windows 10.

Option 1 – Try to uninstall and reinstall the language packs you’ve recently added

If you have installed a language pack recently, you have to uninstall it, restart your computer, and then reinstall it.
  • Go to the Settings app and select Time & Language.
  • Next, click on the Language option and select the language you have to uninstall.
  • After selecting the language, it will enable two-button namely the Options and Remove buttons.
  • Click on the Remove button and then reboot your PC.
  • Once your computer has restarted, install the language pack again.

Option 2 – Try to uninstall the KB updates

Microsoft has actually offered a solution, an odd one which is to install the April 2019 cumulative update. You have to uninstall the older KB4495667 and KB4501835 update from your Windows 10 computer. And after you’ve uninstalled them, click on the Update button and then install the April 2019 cumulative update.
  • Go to Settings and select Update and Security > Windows Update.
  • From there, click on the “View update history” option and then click on the “Uninstall Updates” option.
  • This will open a new window that contains the list of installed Windows Updates.
  • Now right click on the Windows Update you wish to uninstall and click Uninstall.
  • Once you’ve uninstalled the update, click the Update button and install the April 2019 cumulative update.

Option 3 – Try to delay Windows Update

If you have not installed the Windows 10 cumulative update KB4493509 yet and the Asian language is a must for you, then you have to delay or pause the Windows Update for at least a couple of days.

Option 4 – Reset your computer

  • Tap the Win key or click on the Start button located in the Taskbar.
  • Then click on the Power button at the bottom right portion of the screen.
  • Next, press and hold the Shift key on your keyboard and then click on Restart. This will restart your Pc into the Advanced Startup options.
Note: Once you have access to the Advanced Startup options, you have to go to the setting which allows you to Reset your Windows 10 PC. All you have to do is select Troubleshoot > Reset this PC to reach the following screen
  • Afterward, select either the “Keep my files” option and then proceed to the next on-screen instructions that follow to reset your Windows 10 computer without losing your files.
Read More
Making your own Minecraft server in Windows
Minecraft has taken the world like a storm and if you tried it, you could tell why, procedurally created worlds, various modifications available and fun gameplay are just some of the things this game offers and it is non wonder why kids and adults are enjoying it. Minecraft is even more fun when you play with your friends on dedicated servers, where you all can adventure and build together. Sadly as everything costs, so does the Minecraft servers as well. Lucky you can create your own Minecraft server on your computer so your friends can join and play with you free of charge with just a little time you need to spend reading this guide and building one for yourselves. Without further delay let's dive right into it.

1. Install the most recent Java version

In order to run your personal server, you will need to own and have Minecraft: JAVA edition, not Windows 10 one. If you have this version of the game and it is already running it means that you already have JAVA as well but we will need to check to see if it is the latest version of JAVA, to check this do the following:
  • Press Windows and type in configure java followed by ENTER
  • Under the update tab, click on the update now button
  • If you have the latest version you are all good, if not follow the onscreen instruction on how to update it.
If by any chance you do not have JAVA installed you can get it here.

2. Prepare a dedicated location for your Minecraft server files

You can use any folder you like for your Minecraft server folder but it is highly recommended to create a new folder whose sole purpose will be to hold and run Minecraft server files. this will be very beneficial in the future when server files need to be updated or configured. Having things in one isolated space is always a good idea and keeping things organized is also a good idea.

3. Download, install and start the Minecraft: Java Edition server file

It is now time to download server files, you can get them here. Download the server.jar file and place it inside your server folder. Once everything is downloaded and prepared do the following:
  • Run the server.jar file, the first time it runs, the file will create some configuration files.
  • After additional files appear, there should be a text document called eula.txt. Open it with a text editor then change eula=false to eula=true.

4. Enable port forwarding on your router

This sep is required if you want to have people to play with you that are outside your router network, for example, if you want them to connect to your server from their home. If you do not wish to do this and want only people on your serves from your router network you can skip this step. Unfortunately, to enable port forwarding, you’ll need to make your computer on your local network to be accessible by other computers over the internet via a router. This will effectively make your port to be an open portThis can make your system vulnerable to malicious attacks. Once you’ve enabled it, set the default server port to 25565. You’ll need the Server IP address, which you can get by opening Command Prompt or PowerShell and run ipconfig. Your IP address is usually listed as IPv4 or IPv6 Address.

5. Run the Minecraft server

Simply double-click the server.jar file to run the server. If you want to have more control over it, use the command line.
  • Navigate to your Minecraft server directory using file explorer.
  • We will be using PowerShell instead of Command Prompt to enter commands. Hit Shift + Right-click on the directory window and select “Open PowerShell window here.
  • Once you are in the right directory, write the following command:
java -Xms1024M -Xmx1024M -jar {server file name} nogui
  1. Replace the {server file name} with the full name of .jar file. The command above will make the server run with no Graphical User Interface (GUI) and use 1024MB of allocated RAM space.
  2. If you want to enable the GUI, remove the nogui command. Additionally, you can edit the memory allocation for the server by changing the Xms and Xmx value.
  3. After the server is up, invite your friends to play by sharing your local or public IP address, depending on whether you are using a local or public network. For a local network, you can give the IPv4 or IPv6 Address earlier. For public networks, go to Google and type “what is my ip” to get the address.
Read More
There is insufficient disk space to ...
If you are trying to copy a folder or file in your Windows 10 computer but encountered an error that says, “There is insufficient disk space to complete operation”, then you’ve come to the right place as this post will walk you through how you can fix the error. This kind of problem could be due to lack of disk space, corrupted disk, and many more. In such cases, this error usually pops up when you move or copy a file or folder to a particular location. There are several potential fixes you can check out to fix this error. You can try to run the Storage Sense or Disk Cleanup or try copying or moving the file in a Clean Boot State. You could also try formatting the given partition to NTFS. For more information, refer to each one of the options provided below.

Option 1 – Try to delete the temporary files

The error could be caused by some temporary or junk files in your computer and so you need to clear them up to fix the problem. You can achieve that using the Storage Sense feature.
  • Open Setting > System > Storage from the WinX Menu.
  • From there, you will see a list of all the local and connected storage devices along with the details on the free space. Make sure that Storage Sense is on.
  • Next, find a link that says “Free Up Space” and click it to open.
  • After that, a screen which is the built-in program in Windows 10 will appear and will scan your computer for the following junk files so you can free up disk space:
    • Windows Upgrade Log Files
    • The system created Windows Error Reporting Files
    • Thumbnails
    • Temporary Internet Files
    • Previous Windows Installation Files
    • Delivery Optimisation Files
    • DirectX Shader Cache
  • Choose the files you want to get rid of and then click on the remove files option. Note that you’ll have an idea of the total size as you select any of the junk files listed above.
  • Now go to the “Free Up Space Now” section and click the Clean now button. This will get rid of all the temporary or junk files in your computer and should hopefully fix the “There is insufficient disk space to complete operation” error.

Option 2 – Restart your computer in a Clean Boot State

If the first options didn’t work and you still see the “There is insufficient disk space to complete operation” error when you copy folder or files, you can try putting your computer in a Clean Boot State and then again.
  • Log onto your PC as an administrator.
  • Type in MSConfig in the Start Search to open the System Configuration utility.
  • From there, go to the General tab and click “Selective startup”.
  • Clear the “Load Startup items” check box and make sure that the “Load System Services” and “Use Original boot configuration” options are checked.
  • Next, click the Services tab and select the “Hide All Microsoft Services” check box.
  • Click Disable all.
  • Click on Apply/OK and restart your PC. (This will put your PC into a Clean Boot State. And configure Windows to use the usual startup, just simply undo the changes.)
  • Now try to connect copy the folder or file once more and check if the error is now gone.

Option 3 – Try formatting the given partition to NTFS

Even though this option may take a lot of your time, it is proven to fix the “There is insufficient disk space to complete operation” error as reported by many users who also went through the same dilemma. So if the removable disk is showing the same error message no matter which computer you insert it, you might have to format the drive with the help of Command Prompt. But before you do that, you must know that all the contents of your drive will be permanently deleted after you format it.
  • Tap Win + R to launch Run.
  • Type in cmd and then tap Enter or click OK to open the Command Prompt.
  • And in the elevated window of Command Prompt, type in the following command:
format F: /fs:ntfs
In the command given above, “F” is the drive letter and “NTFS” is the file system you want. Just remember to replace “F” with the drive letter you want to format as well as the file system you prefer. Brace yourself as this process might take quite a while even if you only have a 4 GB USB drive – so you must not close the window under any circumstances as the drive might get corrupted and wait for the process to finish.
Read More
isapnp.sys, gv3.sys, storahci.sys, myfault.sys
One of the common causes of Blue Screen of Death or BSOD errors is system driver files due to varying reasons. So if you encounter a Stop error caused by some system driver files such as isapnp.sys, gv3.sys, storahci.sys, or myfault.sys, on your Windows 10 PC, then this post should help you fix the problem. These system driver files are associated with different error codes. The isapnp.sys file is related to the following error codes:
  • SYSTEM SERVICE EXCEPTION
  • PAGE FAULT IN A NONPAGED AREA
  • KERNEL DATA INPAGE
  • SYSTEM THREAD EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED
  • IRQL NOT LESS EQUAL
  • KMODE EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED.
While the gv3.sys file is related to the following BSOD error codes:
  • IRQL NOT LESS EQUAL
  • KMODE EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED
  • PAGE FAULT IN NONPAGED AREA.
On the other hand, the storahci.sys file is related to these error codes:
  • IRQL NOT LESS EQUAL
  • KMODE EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED
  • PAGE FAULT IN NONPAGED AREA.
And the myfault.sys file is associated with this error code: SYSTEM SERVICE EXCEPTION. Although this system driver file causes different kinds of Blue Screen errors, some of their potential fixes are quite the same so you need not carry out tons of troubleshooting steps. But before you troubleshoot the problem, you might want to check out System Restore first, especially if you create a System Restore point from time to time. To perform System Restore, follow these steps:
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
  • After that, type in “sysdm.cpl” in the field and tap Enter.
  • Next, go to the System Protection tab then click the System Restore button. This will open a new window where you have to select your preferred System Restore point.
  • After that, follow the on-screen instructions to finish the process and then restart your computer and check if the problem is fixed or not.
If System Restore didn’t help in fixing the Blue Screen error, now’s the time for you to resort to the troubleshooting tips provided below but before you get started, make sure that you create a System Restore point first and boot your computer into Safe Mode.

Option 1 – Use the System Configuration utility

Note that this first fix is only applicable for Blue Screen errors associated with the myfault.sys file.
  • In the Cortana Search box, type “MSConfig” and click on the “System Configuration” entry to open it.
  • After opening System Configuration, go to the Processes tab.
  • Then scroll down and look for the “Digital Line Detection” process and disable it.
  • Now restart your computer and check if the Stop error is fixed or not.

Option 2 – Try to update, rollback or disable related device drivers

Incompatible and outdated drivers can also cause computer malfunctioning or crashing as well as Blue Screen errors. To fix that, you can update, roll back or disable the device drivers in your computer.
  • Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run window and then type in the “devmgmt.msc” command and hit Enter to open the Device Manager window.
  • After opening the Device Manager, from the list of device drivers, look for the “WIN ISA Bus Driver” if you are facing a Stop error related to the isapnp.sys file. While you have to look for the Sony Recovery CDs PCG-Z1RAP Series device drivers if you face a Stop error concerning the gv3.sys file. For the storahci.sys, on the other hand, look for any outdated drivers and update them.
  • To update or roll back or disable these drivers, just right-click on each one of them, and depending on your preference, you can either select “Update driver”, “Disable device” or “Uninstall device”.
  • After that, restart your PC and see if it helped in fixing the Blue Screen error.

Option 3 – Use System File Checker

One of the built-in tools in Windows that you can use to fix Blue Screen errors is the System File Checker. This built-in command utility can help you restore corrupted or missing files as well as replace bad and corrupted system files. Chances are, any of the aforementioned system driver files might be corrupted so to fix them, use System File Checker.
  • First, right-click on the Start button and click on the “Command Prompt (Admin) option.
  • Next, type in the sfc /scannow command and hit Enter to execute it.
The command will start a system scan which will take a few whiles before it finishes. Once it’s done, you could get the following results:
  1. Windows Resource Protection did not find any integrity violations.
  2. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files and successfully repaired them.
  3. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files but was unable to fix some of them.
  • Now restart your computer.

Option 4 – Run the Blue Screen Troubleshooter

Troubleshooting Blue Screen of Death errors wouldn’t be complete without the Blue Screen troubleshooter. As you know, it is a built-in tool in Windows 10 that helps users in fixing BSOD errors. You can find it in Settings, under the Troubleshooters page. To use it, refer to these steps:
  • Tap the Win + I keys to open the Settings panel.
  • Then go to Update & Security > Troubleshoot.
  • From there, look for the option called “Blue Screen” on your right-hand side and then click the “Run the troubleshooter” button to run the Blue Screen Troubleshooter and then follow the next on-screen options.
  • Note that you might have to boot your PC into Safe Mode.
Read More
How to Fix Error 0x8024a206 in Windows
When you upgrade or update your Windows 10 computer but you suddenly got Error 0x8024a206 while trying to install the updates, it is due to a rouge update that was downloaded or because of some corrupted component in Windows. In case you don’t know, any file downloaded by Windows is verified for its integrity and if the files don’t pass the integrity test, then Error 0x8024a206 will most likely pop up during the Windows update or upgrade.

Option 1 – Reset the Windows Update components to the default

You have to stop a couple of services such as BITS, Cryptographic, MSI Installer, and Windows Update Services. And to do that, you need to flush the contents in the SoftwareDistribution folder. The Software Distribution folder in the Windows operating system is a folder that can be found in the Windows directory and is used to store files temporarily which might be required to install the Windows Update on your PC. Thus, it is required by the Windows Update and maintained by WUAgent. Aside from that, it also contains all the Windows Update History files and once you delete them, you will most likely lose the Update history. As a result, the next time you run the Windows Update, it may result in a longer detection time.
  • Open the WinX Menu.
  • From there, open Command Prompt as admin.
  • Then type in the following command – don’t forget to hit Enter right after typing each one of them.
net stop wuauserv net start cryptSvc net start bits net start msiserver
  • After entering these commands, it will stop the Windows Update Service, Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS), Cryptographic, and the MSI Installer
  • Next, go to the C:/Windows/SoftwareDistribution folder and get rid of all the folders and files thereby tapping the Ctrl + A keys to select them all and then click on Delete. Note that if the files are in use, you won’t be able to delete them.
After resetting the SoftwareDistribution folder, you need to reset the Catroot2 folder to restart the services you just stopped. To do that, follow these steps:
  • Type each one of the following commands.
net start wuauserv net start cryptSvc net start bits net start msiserver
  • After that, exit Command Prompt and restart your computer, and then try to run Windows Update once more.

Option 2 – Re-register DLLs related to Windows Update

DLL files, also known as Dynamic Link Library, are parts of applications that are separated from the core program so that they can be used again as well as independently be updated. The DLL files are loaded into memory and then used. Note that they have to be registered with Windows so they can be loaded. So if they’re not, the main program will fail. And this is the same with the DLL files related to the Windows Update. Thus, you need to register them in order to resolve Error 0x8024a206.
  • In the Cortana search box, type “command prompt”.
  • From the search results that appear, right-click on Command Prompt and select the “Run as administrator” option.
  • After that execute the commands listed below one after the other and don’t forget to hit Enter right after you key in each one of them.
    • regsvr32 JSCRIPT.DLL
    • regsvr32 MSXML3.DLL
    • regsvr32 WUPS2.DLL
    • regsvr32 WUPS.DLL
    • regsvr32 WUAUENG.DLL
    • regsvr32 WUAPI.DLL
    • regsvr32 WUCLTUX.DLL
    • regsvr32 WUWEBV.DLL
Note: You also have the option to run the commands together via a batch file. Simply create a batch file by copying all the commands in a notepad and then save it as “WURegisterDLL.bat”. After that, run the batch file and it will execute the commands all at the same time. Then you have to restart your computer and see if it has fixed the Error 0x8024a206.

Option 3 – Run the System File Checker

The SFC or System File Checker scan could detect and automatically repair damaged system files that could be causing the Error 0x8024a206. SFC is a built-in command utility that helps in restoring corrupted files as well as missing files. It replaces bad and corrupted system files to good system files. To run the SFC command, follow the steps given below.
  • Tap Win + R to launch Run.
  • Type in cmd in the field and tap Enter.
  • After opening Command Prompt, type in sfc /scannow and hit Enter.
The command will start a system scan which will take a few whiles before it finishes. Once it’s done, you could get the following results:
  1. Windows Resource Protection did not find any integrity violations.
  2. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files and successfully repaired them.
  3. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files but was unable to fix some of them.

Option 4 – Run the Windows Update Troubleshooter

Running the built-in Windows Update troubleshooter could also help you resolve the Windows Update Error 0x8024a206. To run it, go to Settings and then select Troubleshoot from the options. From there, click on Windows Update and then click the “Run the troubleshooter” button. After that, follow the next on-screen instructions and you should be good to go.
Read More
An Easy Guide to Fixing Error Code 800b0100

Error Code 800b0100 - What is it?

800b0100 is a typical Windows Update error. This error message occurs when you try to install the latest updates from Microsoft Updates and Windows Updates. The error message is displayed in the following format:
“Code 800B0100 Windows Update encountered an unknown error.”

Solution

Restoro box imageError Causes

Error code 800b0100 may pop up on your computer screen due to different reasons. However, some of the common causes include:
  • The file needed by Windows Update is corrupt or missing
  • Security software conflict such as Firewall
  • Incorrect Registry keys
  • Windows security .dll files are registered incorrectly

Further Information and Manual Repair

To resolve error code 800b0100 on your system, you don’t have to hire a professional. This error is quite easy to repair and requires no technical expertise. In other words, you don’t need to be a computer programmer or technically sound to repair this issue. Here are some of the easy and effective DIY methods that you can try to resolve error code 800b0100 on your system:

Method 1

Download System Update Readiness Tool from Microsoft’s website on your PC. This tool can help you fix this problem that might prevent Windows Updates from installing. Typically it will take 15 minutes or less to scan your entire PC.  The System Update Readiness Tool will scan your computer for inconsistencies that may cause errors to occur.

Method 2

Disable Security Software on your PC for example if you use Windows Vista then you will have Firewall already built in. Disable it to resolve error 800b0100. To do this, simply go to the start menu and open the control panel and then select security. Now locate the option Windows Firewall and upon finding, simply choose the option Turn Windows Firewall on or off. Select off (not recommended) option, then click Apply and OK to reset and confirm changes. After that, go back to the Windows Update screen and then click the try again button. The download and installation would start. After the installation is complete, restart your PC to activate changes. Once the updates are successfully installed, not re-enable the Firewall, to ensure your PC is not exposed to potential security threats or viruses.

Method 3

Remove Invalid Keys from the Registry by downloading Restoro. This is a PC Fixer deployed with a registry cleaner. It scans your entire PC and removes all the obsolete and unnecessary files like cookies, bad and invalid registry keys. It cleans and repairs the registry in a few clicks. Click here to download Restoro.
Read More
How to remove AnytimeAstrology

AnytimeAstrology is a browser extension for Google Chrome developed by Mindspark Inc. When installed, this extension will change your default new tab page to a custom search provider called MyWay (search.myway.com).

While browsing the internet with this extension installed, you will see additional ads through your browsing sessions, including but not limited to Sponsored Content, Injected Ads and Pop-up Ads.

While AnytimeAstrology is active it will monitor your browsing habits, recording website visits, clicked links, viewed products, etc. This information is later sent back to Mindspark Ad network servers where it is used to better target additional injected ads into your web pages.

Several anti-virus applications have marked this extension as a Browser Hijacker and it is recommended to remove it from your computer.

About Browser Hijackers

Browser hijackers (also known as hijackware) are a kind of malicious software that modifies web browser configuration settings without the computer owner’s knowledge or approval. These hijacks are raising at an alarming rate globally, and it can be actually nefarious and often harmful too. Browser hijackers could do more than just changing homepages. In most cases, hijackers are created for the benefit of online hackers usually through income generation that comes from forced ad clicks and site visits. While it might seem harmless, these tools are made by malicious people who always try to take advantage of you, so that they can earn money from your naive and distraction. Browser hijackers can also permit other vicious programs without your knowledge to further damage your computer.

Key symptoms that your browser has been hijacked

The following are some symptoms that indicate you’ve been hijacked: 1. your homepage has been reset to some unfamiliar site 2. your browser is constantly being redirected to porn sites 3. default internet search engine is modified 4. you find unwanted new toolbars added 5. you observe a lot of pop-up ads on your screen 6. your browser has become unstable or starts running slowly 7. you can’t visit certain websites such as homepages of antivirus software.

How browser hijacker finds its way to your computer

Browser hijackers could use drive-by downloads or file-sharing websites or perhaps an e-mail attachment in order to reach a targeted computer. They could also come from add-on software, also referred to as browser helper objects (BHO), web browser extensions or toolbars. Browser hijackers sneak into your computer along with free software downloads that you unwittingly install along with the original. An example of some well known browser hijacker includes Conduit, Anyprotect, Babylon, SweetPage, DefaultTab, RocketTab, and Delta Search, but the names are constantly changing. The existence of any browser hijacker on your computer might considerably diminish the web browsing experience, monitor your internet activities that result in serious privacy issues, produce system stability issues and ultimately cause your PC to slowdown or to an almost unusable condition.

The best ways to remove a browser hijacker

Some hijackers can be simply removed by deleting the free software they came with or by eliminating any extension you have recently added to your system. The sad thing is, the majority of the software applications used to hijack a internet browser are deliberately built to be hard to eliminate or detect. Novice computer users should never attempt for the manual form of removal methods, since it calls for thorough computer knowledge to carry out repairs on the computer registry and HOSTS file. Installing and running anti-malware application on the affected system will automatically erase browser hijackers and other unwanted applications. SafeBytes Anti-Malware could counter persistent hijackers and give you proactive computer protection against all kinds of malware. Together with the anti-virus tool, a system optimizer, such as SafeBytes’s Total System Care, could help you in removing all linked files and modifications in the registry automatically.

How to Get rid of Malware that is Blocking Websites or Preventing Downloads

Malware could potentially cause a great deal of damage to your PC. Some malware sits in between the computer and the internet connection and blocks some or all websites that you really want to visit. It might also prevent you from adding anything to your PC, especially anti-malware software. If you’re reading this article, you may have got affected by a virus that prevents you from installing a security software like Safebytes Anti-Malware. Follow the instructions below to get rid of malware through alternate methods.

Eliminate malware in Safe Mode

If the malware is set to run immediately when Windows starts, entering safe mode could very well block the attempt. Just the minimum required programs and services are loaded when you start your PC in Safe Mode. To launch your Windows XP, Vista or 7 computer in Safe Mode with Networking, do as instructed below. 1) At power-on/startup, press the F8 key in 1-second intervals. This will invoke the Advanced Boot Options menu. 2) Select Safe Mode with Networking using arrow keys and press ENTER. 3) Once this mode loads, you will have an internet connection. Now, use your internet browser normally and navigate to https://safebytes.com/products/anti-malware/ to download Safebytes Anti-Malware. 4) As soon as the software program is installed, allow the scan run to eliminate trojans and other threats automatically.

Use an alternate web browser to download an antivirus application

Some malware mainly targets particular internet browsers. If this is your case, make use of another browser as it might circumvent the computer virus. If you suspect that your Internet Explorer happens to be hijacked by a virus or otherwise compromised by online hackers, the best plan of action is to switch to a different browser such as Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, or Apple Safari to download your favorite security application – Safebytes Anti-Malware.

Make a bootable USB anti-virus drive

To successfully eliminate the malware, you will need to approach the problem of running antivirus program on the affected PC from a different angle. Follow these steps to employ a USB flash drive to fix your infected PC. 1) Download the anti-malware program on a virus-free PC. 2) Insert the pen drive on the same system. 3) Run the setup program by double-clicking the executable file of the downloaded application, which has an .exe file extension. 4) When asked, select the location of the USB drive as the place where you want to put the software files. Follow the onscreen instructions to finish the installation. 5) Remove the pen drive. You can now use this portable antivirus on the affected computer. 6) Double-click the antivirus program EXE file on the thumb drive. 7) Run Full System Scan to detect and clean-up up all types of malware.

Protect Your Computer Against Viruses and Malware With SafeBytes Anti-Malware

Would you like to download the best anti-malware software program for your desktop? There are numerous applications in the market that comes in free and paid versions for Microsoft Windows computers. Some are good ones, some are ok types, while some are simply just bogus anti-malware software which will damage your personal computer themselves! You must pick one that is dependable, practical and has a strong reputation for its malware protection. On the list of recommended software programs is SafeBytes AntiMalware. SafeBytes has a really good history of excellent service, and customers appear to be very happy with it. SafeBytes antimalware is a highly effective and easy-to-use protection tool which is created for users of all levels of IT literacy. Through its cutting-edge technology, this software will help you protect your PC against infections brought on by different kinds of malware and similar threats, including adware, spyware, computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, keyloggers, potentially unwanted program (PUPs), and ransomware.

There are plenty of amazing features you will get with this security product. Listed below are some of the great features included in the application.

World-class AntiMalware Protection: This deep-cleaning antimalware program goes much deeper than most antivirus tools to clean out your computer system. Its critically acclaimed virus engine detects and disables hard to remove malware that conceals deep within your personal computer. Active Protection: SafeBytes delivers complete and real-time security for your computer system. They are highly effective in screening and removing numerous threats since they’re continuously improved with new updates and alerts. Safe Web Browsing: Through its unique safety ranking, SafeBytes tells you whether a site is safe or not to visit it. This will ensure that you’re always certain of your online safety when browsing the web. Faster Scanning: SafeBytes’s virus scan engine is among the fastest and most efficient within the industry. It's targeted scanning considerably increases the catch rate for malware that is embedded in various PC files. Lightweight Application: SafeBytes is a lightweight application. It consume a really small amount of processing power as it works in the background so you’re free to use your Windows-based PC the way you really want. 24/7 Premium Support: You can get absolutely free 24/7 technical support from their IT experts on any product queries or PC security concerns. SafeBytes has created a fantastic anti-malware solution to help you conquer the latest malware threats and virus attacks. You can be sure that your computer system will be protected in real-time as soon as you put this software to use. So if you are searching for the best anti-malware subscription for your Windows-based PC, we suggest the SafeBytes Anti-Malware application.

Technical Details and Manual Removal (Advanced Users)

If you wish to manually get rid of AnytimeAstrology without the use of an automated tool, it may be possible to do so by removing the program from the Windows Add/Remove Programs menu, or in cases of web browser plug-ins, going to the browser’s AddOn/Extension manager and removing it. You will most probably also want to totally reset your browser to its default configuration settings. Finally, examine your hard disk for all of the following and clean your computer registry manually to get rid of leftover application entries after uninstallation. Please remember that this is for professional users only and may be difficult, with wrong file removal leading to additional system errors. Additionally, some malicious programs have the capability to defend against its removal. You are urged to do this procedure in Windows Safe Mode.
Folders: C:\USERS\username\APPDATA\LOCAL\AnytimeAstrologyTooltab C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Extensions\bdcnkkhncapfcngcjkmfkikanomkgnmb\
Read More
How to remove Converters now

Converters Now developed by Mindspark Interactive is a Browser Extension for Google Chrome and is promoted at their website like a very useful tool for converting PDF and Doc files, alongside with dictionary, and other useful tools. While this might appeal to you the extension hijacks your New Tab page, changing it to Search.MyWay.com

While active, this extension monitors user’s online activity, recording visited websites, clicked links, bought products, and other browsing information. This information is later forwarded or sold to Mindsparks ad network to better deliver user Targeted Ads.

Browsing the internet with ConvertersNow will result in displaying additional ads, sponsored content, and sometimes even pop-up ads injected into various pages or websites throughout your browsing sessions. CovertersNow has been marked as a Browser Hijacker by several anti-virus programs and it is marked for removal.

About Browser Hijackers

Browser hijacking is actually a type of unwanted software, commonly a browser add-on or extension, which then causes modifications in the web browser’s settings. There are plenty of reasons why you may experience a web browser hijack; however commercial, advertising, and marketing are the major purposes for their creation. Usually, the idea would be to force users to visit particular websites that are aiming to improve their site visitor traffic and generate higher ad income. Though it might appear harmless, these tools were created by vicious individuals who always try to take advantage of you, so that they can easily earn money from your naivety and distraction. Browser hijackers could also let other vicious programs without your knowledge further damage your PC.

How you can recognize a browser hijack

Signs that an internet browser is hijacked include: the home page of your respective web browser is changed all of a sudden; your web browser is constantly being redirected to pornography websites; default web engine is changed; you are finding new toolbars you haven’t witnessed before; unstoppable flurries of popup ads show up on your computer screen; your web browser starts running sluggishly or presents frequent glitches; Inability to navigate to certain sites, particularly anti-malware and also other security software websites.

So how does a computer get infected with a browser hijacker

Browser hijackers could use drive-by downloads or file-sharing networks or even an e-mail attachment in order to reach a targeted computer system. Many web browser hijackings come from add-on applications, i.e., browser helper objects (BHO), toolbars, or plug-ins added to browsers to provide the extra features. Also, certain freeware and shareware can put the hijacker inside your computer through the “bundling” technique. Some of the most well-known hijackers are ConvertersNow, Conduit Search, Babylon Toolbar, OneWebSearch, Sweet Page, and CoolWebSearch. Browser hijackers might record user keystrokes to collect potentially important information leading to privacy issues, cause instability on systems, drastically disrupt user’s browsing experience, and eventually slow down the PC to a stage where it becomes unusable.

Removal

Some hijackers could be removed by deleting the freeware they were included with or by eliminating any extension you’ve recently added to your computer. Having said that, most hijackers are quite tenacious and need specialized applications to eradicate them. Furthermore, manual removals require deep system knowledge and therefore can be very difficult task for beginner computer users. You might opt for automatic browser hijacker removal by just installing and running efficient anti-malware software. If you want to eliminate persistent hijackers quickly and effectively, install the top-rated, award-winning Anti-Malware tool Safebytes Anti-Malware.

What To Do If You Cannot Install Any Anti-virus?

Malware can cause several kinds of damage to computing devices, networks, and data. Certain malware goes to great lengths to prevent you from installing anything on your computer system, particularly anti-virus software. If you’re reading this article now, you might have perhaps recognized that a malware infection is the cause of your blocked web traffic. So what to do when you want to download and install an anti-malware program such as Safebytes? Although this kind of issue will be tougher to circumvent, there are some actions you can take.

Install in Safe Mode

If the malware is set to load immediately when Windows starts, entering safe mode could block the attempt. Since only the minimal applications and services start-up in Safe Mode, there are seldom any reasons for issues to occur. You will have to do the following to remove malware in Safe mode. 1) At power-on/startup, hit the F8 key in 1-second intervals. This should bring up the Advanced Boot Options menu. 2) Make use of the arrow keys to choose Safe Mode with Networking and hit ENTER. 3) When this mode loads, you will have an internet connection. Now, use your web browser to download and install Safebytes. 4) After installation, do a complete scan and let the software program remove the threats it finds.

Download the security software using a different internet browser

Certain viruses may target vulnerabilities of a specific browser that obstruct the downloading process. If you’re not able to download the security software using Internet Explorer, this means malware may be targeting IE’s vulnerabilities. Here, you must switch to another web browser like Chrome or Firefox to download the Safebytes application.

Create a portable USB antivirus for removing viruses

Another way is to download and transfer an anti-malware program from a clean PC to run a scan on the infected computer. Try these simple steps to clear up your affected computer using portable anti-malware. 1) Download Safebytes Anti-Malware or Microsoft Windows Defender Offline onto a clean PC. 2) Insert the pen drive on the same computer. 3) Double-click on the downloaded file to run the installation wizard. 4) Choose the drive letter of the USB drive as the location when the wizard asks you where you would like to install the anti-virus. Follow the instructions to complete the installation process. 5) Now, plug the pen drive into the infected system. 6) Double-click the EXE file to open the Safebytes tool from the pen drive. 7) Simply click “Scan Now” to run a complete scan on the infected computer for malware.

Benefits and Features of SafeBytes Security Suite

In order to protect your personal computer from a variety of internet-based threats, it’s important to install an anti-malware program on your personal computer. But with countless numbers of antimalware companies out there, these days it’s hard to decide which one you should buy for your personal computer. A few of them do a good job in eradicating malware threats while many will ruin your PC by themselves. You need to pick out a tool that has got a good reputation and detects not only computer viruses but other kinds of malware also. When considering trustworthy software programs, Safebytes Anti-Malware is undoubtedly the strongly recommended one. Safebytes is one of the well-established PC solutions firms, which offer this all-inclusive anti-malware program. Using its outstanding protection system, this utility will automatically detect and eliminate most of the security threats, which include viruses, adware, browser hijackers, PUPs, trojans, worms, and ransomware.

There are lots of amazing features you will get with this particular security product. Listed below are some of the highlighted features included in the product.

Anti-Malware Protection: Using a critically acclaimed anti-malware engine, SafeBytes offers multilayered protection which is designed to catch and eliminate threats which are concealed deep in your PC. Live Protection: SafeBytes provides real-time active supervision and protection from all known computer viruses and malware. It will constantly monitor your pc for hacker activity and also provides end-users with advanced firewall protection. Safe Browsing: Through its unique safety score, SafeBytes notifies you whether a website is safe or not to visit it. This will make sure that you’re always certain of your safety when browsing the world wide web. High-Speed Malware Scanning Engine: SafeBytes’s very fast malware scanning engine cuts down scan times and extends battery life. At the same time, it’ll effectively detect and remove infected files or any internet threat. Lightweight: SafeBytes is a lightweight application. It consumes a very small amount of processing power as it works in the background therefore you won’t observe any computer performance difficulties. 24/7 Online Tech Support: You can get high levels of support 24/7 if you are using their paid software. To conclude, SafeBytes Anti-Malware is pretty great for securing your computer against all sorts of malware threats. There is no doubt that your computer system will be protected in real-time once you put this software program to use. For top protection and the best value for money, you can’t get better than SafeBytes Anti-Malware.

Technical Details and Manual Removal (Advanced Users)

If you’d like to carry out the removal of ConvertersNow manually instead of employing an automated tool, you may follow these steps: Proceed to the Windows Control Panel, click on the “Add/Remove Programs” and there, choose the offending program to remove. In case of suspicious versions of web browser extensions, you can easily get rid of them via your browser’s extension manager. It’s also advised to factory reset your web browser to its default condition to fix corrupt settings. If you decide to manually delete the system files and Windows registry entries, use the following checklist to make sure you know precisely what files to remove before executing any actions. But bear in mind, this is often a tough task and only computer professionals could accomplish it safely. Furthermore, certain malicious programs are capable to defend against its removal. Doing this malware-removal process in Safe Mode is recommended.
Files: %UserProfile%\Local Settings\Application Data\ConvertersNowTooltab %LOCALAPPDATA%\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Sync Extension Settings\jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec %UserProfile%\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Sync Extension Settings\jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec %LOCALAPPDATA%\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Local Extension Settings\jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec %UserProfile%\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Local Extension Settings\jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec %LOCALAPPDATA%\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Extensions\jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec %UserProfile%\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Extensions\jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec Registry: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Wow6432Node\ConvertersNow HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\ConvertersNow HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Google\Chrome\PreferenceMACs\Default\extensions.settings, value: jbfdncemokhjnhoiohfdjahheefaiaec HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\DOMStorage\convertersnow.dl.tb.ask.com HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\DOMStorage\convertersnow.dl.myway.com HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\[APPLICATION]\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall..Uninstaller ConvertersNowTooltab Uninstall Internet Explorer
Read More
How to Fix dxgmms2.sys BSOD in Windows
The dxgmms2.sys file is a system driver file in Windows that is associated with the Graphics Rendering capabilities of a computer. However, this file is known to cause various Blue Screen of Death errors. Some of the culprits for these errors include issues with RAM, hard disk issues, corrupted drivers, and incompatible firmware. Despite its many causes, fixing this issue is quite straightforward so it should be easier for you to fix it. Here are some of the Blue Screen errors related to the dxgmms2.sys file:
  • SYSTEM_THREAD_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED
  • SYSTEM_SERVICE_EXCEPTION
  • KMODE EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED
  • PAGE FAULT IN A NONPAGED AREA
  • IRQL NOT LESS OR EQUAL
If you have recently created a System Restore point prior to getting the dxgmms2.sys Blue Screen error, then you need to perform System Restore first before you further troubleshoot the problem as it might help in resolving the Blue Screen error. Refer to the steps below to perform System Restore.
  • First, press the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
  • After that, type in “sysdm.cpl” in the field and tap Enter.
  • Next, go to the System Protection tab then click the System Restore button. This will open a new window where you have to select your preferred System Restore point.
  • After that, follow the on-screen instructions to finish the process and then restart your computer and check if the problem is fixed or not.
If System Restore didn’t help in fixing the Blue Screen error, now’s the time for you to resort to the troubleshooting tips provided below but before you get started, make sure that you create a System Restore point first.

Option 1 – Reinstall the Graphics Card drivers

  • Tap the Win + R keys to launch Run.
  • Type in devmgmt.msc into the box and tap Enter or click OK to open the Device Manager.
  • After that, a list of device drivers will be displayed. From there, look for the Graphics Card drivers listed under Display Adapters.
  • Right-click on each one of the Graphics Card drivers and select Uninstall device and then follow the next on-screen instructions given to uninstall the driver.
  • Now reboot your computer. During this time, your system will automatically reinstall the Graphics card drivers.
Note: You also have the option to go directly to the website of your graphics card manufacturer and check if there’s a new update – if there is, download it. After that, you could also check if there’s a new update of the game you’re getting the issue of the black bar.

Option 2 – Try running the DirectX Diagnostic Tool

Since the dxgmms2.sys Stop error has something to do with the DirectX Graphics APIs, you can run the DirectX Diagnostic tool to resolve the problem.

Option 3 – Try updating or re-installing DirectX

If the DirectX Diagnostic tool didn’t work, you can try to update or reinstall DirectX instead. This can help in fixing the problem because when you reinstall or update DirectX, it will replace the incompatible or corrupted components of DirectX from your computer.

Option 4 – Try to update the BIOS

Updating the BIOS can help you fix the Blue Screen error related to the dxgmms2.sys file but as you know, BIOS is a sensitive part of a computer. Even though it is a software component, the functioning of the hardware depends on it largely. Thus, you must be careful when modifying something in the BIOS. So if you don’t know much about it, it’s best if you skip on this option and try the other ones instead. However, if you are well-versed in navigating the BIOS, then follow the steps below.
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
  • Next, type “msinfo32” in the field and press Enter to open System Information.
  • From there, you should find a search field on the bottom where you have to search for the BIOS version and then press Enter.
  • After that, you should see the developer and version of the BIOS installed on your PC.
  • Go to your manufacturer’s website and then download the latest version of BIOS on your computer.
  • If you are using a laptop, make sure that you keep it plugged in until you have updated the BIOS.
  • Now double click on the downloaded file and install the new BIOS version on your computer.
  • Now restart your computer to apply the changes made.

Option 5 – Use some registry tweaks

  • Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run utility.
  • Then type “Regedit” in the field and hit Enter to open the Registry Editor.
  • Next, navigate to this registry key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlGraphicsDrivers
  • From there, right-click on the right-side panel and click on New > DWORD (32-bit) Value.
  • Then set the name of the new DWORD to “TdrDelay”.
  • After that, use the next set of instructions and select the one for the Windows version you are using.

32-bit Windows:

  • Choose the DWORD (32-bit) value.
  • Then type in “TdrDelay” as the name and hit Enter.
  • After that, double click on TdrDelay and add “10” as its value and click OK. This will set the response time for your GPU to be 10 seconds.

64-bit Windows:

  • Select the QWORD (64-bit) value.
  • Next, type in “TdrDelay” as the name and hit Enter.
  • Double click on TdrDelay and type in “10” as its value data and click OK.
  • Restart your computer to apply the changes made.

Option 6 – Disable the Sleep Functionality

You might also want to disable the Sleep Functionality as it could be the reason why you’re getting the Blue Screen error. There are times when the graphics card’s drivers are being used in the background and if the display goes to sleep and is awakened, it may cause a Blue Screen error. To fix it, you can prevent your computer from going into Sleep mode.

Option 7 – Try to run the Blue Screen Troubleshooter

The Blue Screen troubleshooter is a built-in tool in Windows 10 that might help you fix any Blue Screen errors related to the dxgmms2.sys file. It can be found on the Settings Troubleshooters page. To use it, refer to these steps:
  • Tap the Win + I keys to open the Settings panel.
  • Then go to Update & Security > Troubleshoot.
  • From there, look for the option called “Blue Screen” on your right-hand side and then click the “Run the troubleshooter” button to run the Blue Screen Troubleshooter and then follow the next on-screen options. Note that you might have to boot your PC into Safe Mode.
Read More
Fix Power surge on the USB port
USB ports, just like any other ports, also comes with a power rating. The default power output of a standard USB port is 0.5 amperes and if you notice, mobile phones charge slowly on USB ports which explains why. There are times when Windows may throw an error or warning that says, “Power surge on the USB port”. This kind of error occurs when a connected device tried to draw more power and the error comes as a part of that notification so when you select it, it will say,
“A USB device has malfunctioned and exceeded the power limits of its hub port. You should disconnect the device”.
To easily fix the problem, you can try to disconnect the device and click on Reset and if you click on Close, the port will not work until you unplug it and then restart your computer. On the other hand, if disconnecting the device did not resolve the problem, you can try running the Hardware & USB troubleshooter or use a USB hub. You can also try to reinstall, uninstall or roll back the USB drivers or run the OEM diagnostics. For more information, refer to each one of the potential fixes provided below.

Option 1 – Try to run the Hardware & USB troubleshooter

  • The first thing you need to do is click on Start and then on the gear-like icon to pull up the window for Settings.
  • After opening Settings, look for the Update and Security option and select it.
  • From there, go to the Troubleshoot option located on the left-hand side of the list.
  • Next, select Hardware and Devices from the list and open the Troubleshooter and run it. Once it is doing its job, wait for it to complete the process and then restart the system.
  • After the system restarts, check if the problem’s now fixed. If not, refer to the next option given below.
Note: You could also try to run the USB troubleshooter as it could also resolve the problem.

Option 2 – Try to use a USB hub

If you’ve encountered the error on a specific device, then it is possible that the device requires more voltage. To fix this error, you can try to use the same device on another computer and if you still got the same error, you might want to use a USB hub that comes with its power source. USB hubs come with high-speed charging ports that should be able to supply the power needed for the device.

Option 3 – Update, rollback or reinstall the Universal Serial Bus Controller driver

If updating the drivers of the device did not fix the “The device is not ready” error, you can try to update, rollback, or reinstall the Universal Serial Bus Controller drivers instead of using the Device Manager. Refer to the following steps:
  • First, click the Start button and type “device manager”.
  • Then click on the “Device Manager” from the search results to open it.
  • From there, look for the “Universal Serial Bus controllers” option and then right-click on each one of the USB drivers and select the Update Driver from the menu.
Note: If it is a regular USB drive, then it will be listed as a USB Mass Storage Device but if you have a USB 3.0 device, then look for a USB 3.0 Extensible Host Controller.
  • Restart your PC and then click the “Search automatically for updated driver software” option.
Note: If updating the USB Controller drivers didn’t work, you can try to reinstall them instead.

Option 4 – Try running OEM Diagnostics if you have any

If the laptop or desktop computer you are using is a branded one, OEMs usually include software to diagnose issues in the computer like the USB port error. So if you have this software, try to run it for diagnosis and use any given suggestions to fix the error.
Read More
1 2 3 171
Logo
Copyright © 2023, ErrorTools. All Rights Reserved
Trademark: Microsoft Windows logos are registered trademarks of Microsoft. Disclaimer: ErrorTools.com is not affiliated with Microsoft, nor claims direct affiliation.
The information on this page is provided for information purposes only.
DMCA.com Protection Status