How to Fix Fatal Error c000021a

Fatal Error c000021a - What is it?

Fatal Error c000021a is a type of Windows stop error also known as the blue screen of death (BSoD) error. When this error occurs, it causes the computer screen to go blue and locks the user out of the current activity.

This error code is fatal and can lead to serious issues like system crashes and freeze.

The error code is usually displayed in the following format:

STOP: c000021a {Fatal System Error}

The Windows Logon Process system process terminated unexpectedly with a status of 0xc0000034 (0x00000000 0x0000000)

Solution

Restoro box imageError Causes

Fatal Error c000021a occurs when the Windows kernel detects that either Winlogon.exe or Csrss.exe service processes have stopped responding or failed to load.  When this happens the error code pops up on the screen.

Nonetheless, this is not the only reason for the occurrence of this error. There are plenty more reasons why Fatal Error c000021a may pop on your computer screen. These include:

  • Missing or corrupt hardware drivers
  • Faulty hardware
  • Windows System Restore failed during the rollback process
  • Malware or viral infection
  • Registry issues

No matter what the reason may be, it is advisable to fix the error right away without any delays. Remember it is a fatal error and can cause a great deal of damage to your PC.

Further Information and Manual Repair

Fatal Error c000021a is a serious PC issue but this does not mean you have to hire an expert to get it fixed. The good news is that this error is actually quite easy to resolve.

You don’t have to be a technical whiz or a computer programmer to fix Fatal Error c000021a on your PC.

Here are some do it yourself methods to fix this error code right away without any hassle:

Let’s get started:

Method 1: Update Your PC Drivers

As we mentioned about corrupt or missing drivers can be one of the many reasons for the occurrence of this error. So, check the drivers first. Perform a driver scan and make sure all your drivers are updated.

Method 2: Perform a Windows System Restore

To do this, first launch Task Manager by pressing CTRL+SHIFT+ESC on your keyboard. Now click on the application tab and then click ‘New Task’ then browse.

After that, go to C:\Windows\System32\Restore  folder and then double click the rstrui.exe file. This will help start system restoration. Your computer will reboot during the process and hopefully, the error will be resolved.

Nonetheless, if the error still persists then try methods 3 and 4.

Method 3: Scan for Viruses

Sometimes Fatal Error c000021a may also occur due to malware infection. Your PC may be affected by viruses hidden in different locations without you knowing about it.

Therefore to resolve this error, it is recommended to run an antivirus and scan for viruses. If detected, remove them right away to fix the error code.

Method 4: Repair the Registry

Another method to resolve Fatal Error c000021a code on your system is to repair the registry. The registry stores all the information and activities performed on the system.

If it is not cleaned frequently, it gets loaded with too many files unnecessary and obsolete files like the junk files, cookies, internet history and temporary files which corrupts and damages the registry thereby generating blue screen of death error codes like Fatal Error c000021a.

Though you can repair the registry manually it can be both time-consuming and slightly difficult especially if you are not a computer programmer. Therefore it is advisable to download a registry cleaner to fix it right away.

Automatic Repair with Restoro.

Whether the Fatal Error c000021a code occurs due to viral infection or registry issues, download Restoro. This is a next-generation, advanced, and multi-functional PC Fixer. This software is deployed with multiple utilities such as a powerful registry cleaner, an antivirus, a system optimizer, and more.

The registry cleaner scans the entire PC and detects all types of registry issues at once. It cleans the registry, wipes out all the unnecessary files, and restores the registry back to normal.

Simultaneously, the antivirus embedded in this software detects all types of viruses including malware, adware, spyware and Trojans and removes them in seconds.

The system optimizer feature ensures the speed and performance of your PC are not compromised during the repairing process. It ensures your PC works at its optimal speed.

Restoro is a one-stop solution for all your PC needs. It has a user-friendly interface making it easy for all levels of users to work around. It is compatible with all Windows versions

Click here to download Restoro and resolve the Fatal Error c000021a code on your PC today!

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How to Fix Installer Error 1603

Installer Error 1603 - What is it?

Installer Error 1603 message occurs during the installation of the Microsoft Windows installer Package. The error message is often displayed as the following:
'Error 1603: A fatal error occurred during installation.'
It indicates a problem occurred during the installation process and unsuccessful installation.

Solution

Restoro box imageError Causes

The installer error 1603 may occur if:
  • The folder you are trying to install the Windows Installer package to is encrypted
  • The system account does not have full control permissions
  • Incorrect installation
  • Registry issues

Further Information and Manual Repair

To resolve this error on your system, try the solutions listed below:

Solution 1: Install-Package in an Un-Encrypted Folder

Try installing the package to a folder that is not encrypted. However, if the error still persists, try other solutions listed below.

Solution 2: Enable Full System Control Permissions

Sometimes the error may occur when you don’t have system full control permissions. To enjoy full control permissions here’s what you need to do, go to my computer and right-click the drive that you wish to install the Windows Installer Package to. After that click properties and the security tab. If you can’t locate the security tab, this means your Simple File Sharing feature is turned on. You need to turn it off to continue. For that go to my computer, tools, and then click folder options. Now here press the view tab and check the Simple File Sharing box to turn it off. Press OK to save changes. Now you will be able to locate the security tab. Click on the Security tab and verify the name box that contains the system user account. If the system user account is empty then insert the account name. To insert, click Add, and then select user's dialog box, add a name, and close. Now go to the permissions section and check the box ‘Allow’ under full control. After that go to the ‘Advanced’ tab and do the following: If you are an XP user, select ‘Replace permission entries on all child objects with entries shown here that apply to child objects’ and then press OK to confirm. If you are not an XP user, then follow the same instructions but select the check box that says ‘Reset permissions on all child objects and enable propagation of inheritable permissions’ for the system account. Now click OK to confirm. To activate changes you will have to wait for a while. Once the changes are activated, try installing the Windows Installer package again.

Solution 3: Clean and Repair Registry

The Installer error 1630 can occur due to registry problems as well. To resolve registry-related issues download Restoro. This is a cutting-edge and advanced registry cleaner that scans your entire PC for registry-related errors in seconds and resolves them spontaneously. It removes all the unnecessary junk files, bad keys, invalid registry entries, cookies, and internet history cluttering and corrupting the registry. It repairs the damaged system files and repairs the registry right away thereby resolving Installer Error 1630 on your PC. It is safe and efficient. It is embedded with an intuitive algorithm and a sophisticated user-friendly interface. It is easy to use and operate. You can download it on any Windows version. Besides functioning as a registry cleaner, it also functions as an antivirus and a system optimizer. Click here to download Restoro on your PC to resolve all registry issues generating the installer error 1603 on your system.
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Always show scrollbars in Windows 11

windows 11 scrollbarsMost scrollbars are hidden by default if they are not used in Windows 11. If you are not ok with this feature and want scrollbars to be always visible and available do not worry, turning them ON is very easy.

  • Press ⊞ WINDOWS + I to open Windows settings
  • Click on Accessibility in the sidebar
  • Select Visual Effects
  • Inside visual effects settings find Always show scrollbars and switch it ON

Windows 11 will save settings automatically and apply setting right away. Close settings and continue with work.

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Pixel's fast emergency dialer

Google's Pixel smartphone is one if not the best Android smartphone on the market. It regularly gets updates and Google is really trying to keep it as a top choice for Android smartphone users. One of the new things that Google has released for its smartphone series is a new emergency dialer.

google pixel 6

With an emergency dialer, you will be able to quickly access local contact information for police, fire, and medical services. This dialer is able to contact before mentioned services even when the phone is locked and when you are traveling.

The idea is to quickly access the default emergency number no matter in which country you are currently in, service will find the appropriate number and set it as default so if you need it there is no delay in searching for the appropriate number and dialing it.

Once the service is enabled on the device you can swipe up and tap Emergency call without unlocking your phone or you can press and hold the power button for five seconds and tap Emergency.

If you have a Pixel smartphone go to the Google support page and follow instructions on how to enable this service. It costs nothing and it could potentially even save your life.

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MS Store and Electron Bot

So, what is Electron bot, and why it even matters if it is in the MS store. Electron bot is malware that somehow found its way inside MS Store via game clones of popular games temple run and subway surfer. This infiltration led to the infection of around 5000 systems over the globe in a very short period of time.

electron bot malware

This malware is a backdoor that gives complete system control to the attacker. Any type of execution can be performed remotely in real-time. Usually, this kind of attack was aimed at a spread of click fraud over popular social media like Facebook, google, youtube, etc.

Primary goal

Electron Bot's primary goals in the ongoing campaign analyzed by researchers are:

  • SEO poisoning – Create malware-dropping sites that rank high on Google Search results.
  • Ad clicking – Connect to remote sites in the background and click on non-viewable advertisements.
  • Social media account promotion – Direct traffic to specific content on social media platforms.
  • Online product promotion – Increase store rating by clicking on its advertisements.

These functions are offered as services to those who want to increase their online profits illegitimately, so the gains for the malware operators are indirect.

Publishers that contain malware

For now, users may take note of the publishers who released confirmed malicious game apps using the following names:

  • Lupy games
  • Crazy 4 games
  • Jeuxjeuxkeux games
  • Akshi games
  • Goo Games
  • Bizzon Case
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Combine Hard drives with storage spaces
Why combining hard drives with storage spaces? Ok, I will admit it, I am a modern digital hamster when it comes to digital goods. I like to collect stuff and more than anything else I like to have all of that at the tip of my fingers. And how digital goods grow in size themselves (movies on Blu-ray are like 50GB each) and the collection grows in size single hard drive is starting to be completely obsolete when it comes to storage. Sometimes we will need large storage for these kinds of personal collections, sometimes we will need it for work reasons. Whatever your reason might be Windows 10 is offering us a solution via Storage spaces. Storage spaces is an integral part of Windows and it is meant as a tool to provide you with a RAID environment without a RAID controller. Of course, combining multiple hard drives via storage paces instead of RAID will not be so fast or stable but for home use of storing a large quantity of data is perfectly enough. With Storage Spaces you will also have an option to reduce some space for increased security of data loss if by any chance one of your HDD fails.

How to Create a Storage Space

To create storage space in Windows, press ⊞ WINDOWS + R to open the run dialog. keyboard with windows and r markedIn the run box type in Control Panel and press ENTER run dialog with control panel typed inIn Control Panel find Storage Spaces and left-click on it. Control panel with storage spaces markedOnce storage spaces open, left-click on Create a new pool and storage space storage spaces manage storage spacesOnce you click on create new, you will be greeted with a list of hard drives you can use for this operation. storage spaces select drivesPlease note that all hard drives you choose will be completely erased and formatted and then assign a single drive letter. Click on Create pool. storage spaces resiliency type optionsYou will find yourself in new storage options where you can assign a drive letter, give storage space a name, etc.

Storage spaces types

One thing I would like to focus on here is resiliency type, when you expand the resiliency type drop-down menu you will see 4 options inside. Simple, Two-way mirror, Three-way mirrors, and Parity. Simple: If you choose Simple as an option, you will have maximum hard drive space but no resiliency at all, meaning that if by any chance any of your hard drives malfunction, you are losing your data from that drive completely. Two-way mirror: This option will save your data if one of your drives fails but you need at least 2 drives and storage space will be limited since some of it will be a safe backup option for the case of a drive failure. However if one of your drives fails, you can replace it in a second and keep on working as nothing happened. Three-way mirror: This option similar to the previous one will offer you safe data-keeping from a hard drive failure. this option will save your data even if 2 hard drives malfunction but it will require having 5 of them connected in order to be able to choose this option. Parity: Maybe the most popular option among people who want to have 2 or 3 drives merged but do not want to lose too much space of the two-way mirror option. It offers some protection and it does not take so much space as two-way does, let us say it is a kind of win-win situation.

Conclusion

I personally go for simple and have an important backup on optical drives but only for reason I could use more space, know that this way is requiring from me to always have a backup in optical media and that I will need to restore all of it back if even one HDD fails which could take time. But if this way is ok with you, go for it, you will have more space to use.
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How to Fix Error 1005 Access Denied
Recently, some users reported that they were unable to access a website and only got the Error 1005 Access Denied instead. Specifically, users experience this issue when trying to open the Crunchyroll website – one of the largest anime and manga websites. This particular error is encountered not just on Crunchyroll but on a variety of websites like blogs, video streaming, forums, and so on. Here’s the full context of the error message:
“Error 1005 Access Denied – The owner of this website has banned the autonomous system number (ASN) your IP address from accessing this website.”
Usually, this error occurs when the website administrator decides to block an IP address or IP range. To fix this error, here are some suggestions you can try:

Option 1 – Uninstall the VPN service you are using or use a different provider

If you are using a VPN service, you might want to uninstall it. As mentioned, website administrator blocks IP ranges if they notice any malicious activities and because of this, your IP address might fall into the banned range even if you didn’t do anything at all. To uninstall the VPN service, follow the steps below.
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box
  • Then type “appwiz.cpl” in the field and hit Enter to open the Programs and Features in Control Panel.
  • From there, look for the VPN service you are using, select it and then click on Uninstall to remove it.
  • After that, restart your computer and try to install the latest version of the program again. It should work now. If not, proceed to the next available option below.

Option 2 – Try disabling the Proxy server

There are some users who reported that they’ve fixed the problem after they’ve disabled the use of a proxy server using the built-in way. Follow the steps below to disable proxy server.
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
  • Then type “inetcpl.cpl” in the field and hit Enter to pull up the Internet Properties.
  • After that, go to the Connections tab and select the LAN settings.
  • From there. Uncheck the “Use a Proxy Server” option for your LAN and then make sure that the “Automatically detect settings” option is checked.
  • Now click the OK and the Apply buttons.
  • Restart your PC.
Note: If you are using a third-party proxy service, you have to disable it.

Option 3 – Use the Google Public DNS

You might want to change your DNS to Google Public DNS as it could also help you in fixing the ERR_CERT_COMMON_NAME_INVALID error in Chrome. To do so, follow the steps below.
  • The first thing you have to do is right-click on the network icon in the Taskbar and select Network and Sharing Center.
  • Next, click on the “Change Adapter Settings” option.
  • After that, search for the network connection that you are using to connect to the internet. Note that the option might be “Wireless Connection” or “Local Area Connection”.
  • Right-click on your network connection and click on Properties.
  • Then select the new window to choose the “Internet Protocol 4 (TCP/IPv4)” option.
  • After that, click on the Properties button and click the checkbox in the new window for the option “Use the following DNS server addresses”.
  • Type in “8.8.8.8” and “8.8.4.4” and click OK and exit.

Option 4 – Try contacting the website administrator

If the first three given options didn’t work, you might want to consider contacting the website administrator especially if you’ve already determined that the issue does not occur due to a VPN or proxy server that you’re using. This option can be quite tricky since you won’t be able to submit a contact form since you’re banned from accessing the website but you can contact the admin via the form section if available.
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Fix This device is currently in use, USB Error
USB storage devices, peripherals, and other devices are almost used on a daily basis. And as you know, when removing the USB storage devices, it is recommended to always use the “Safely remove the USB storage device” option in order to prevent data corruption in the USB storage device. However, there are times when you may see the following error message after you use the “Safely remove the USB storage device” option:
“Problem ejecting USB Mass Storage – This device is currently in use, close any programs or windows that might be using this device, and then try again.”
This kind of error message occurs when the device is still interacting with the operating system in the background. There are several ways you can fix this error but before you check them out below, you need to close all the open windows and programs that may be using the USB storage device and then wait for a couple of seconds and then try safely removing it again. However, if you are still getting the same error message, then here are some tips you should try:

Option 1 – Try to use the Task Manager

  • Tap the Ctrl + Shift + Esc keys on your keyboard to open the Task Manager.
  • After that, look for the running processes and programs hogging on your USB Storage device. The error could be due to a program or process that’s using the USB device. This program or process will hog onto some Disk or CPU while transferring data and interacting with the device.
  • Once you find the culprits, right-click on each one of them and select End Process or End Task. You could also try to restart the process for “Explorer.exe” and see if it fixes the problem.

Option 2 – Try using DISKPART

The next thing you can try to resolve the issue is to use DISKPART. Refer to the given steps below to do so.
  • Tap the Win + R keys to launch Run and then type “cmd” in the field and tap Enter or click OK to open an elevated Command Prompt.
  • Next, type and enter this command to execute it: diskpart
  • The command you entered will initiate the DISKPART utility. After that, type and enter this second command: list disk
  • Next, type and enter this third command: list volume
  • The commands you just executed will help you in either listing all the Disk connects or all the partitions on those disks formed and from there, you need to select one command depending on the “list” command you entered. You can execute either of the two following commands:
    • select disk #
    • select volume #
  • After that, it will select the Disk or Partition you want to select.
  • Now type either one of the following commands:
    • offline disk #offline volume #
  • The command you entered will mark the selected disk is Offline. Afterward, try to safely remove your USB Storage device. Just remember that when you plug it back in again, you have to carry out the same method except for the last given command as this time you will have to enter either of these commands in order to get your USB storage device back online:
    • online disk #
    • online volume #

Option 3– Try using the Disk Management utility

  • Tap the Win + R keys to open Run.
  • Then type “diskmgmt.msc” in the field and hit Enter to open the Disk Management utility.
  • Next, look for the entry for your USB Storage device and once you’ve found it, right-click on it and select Offline.
  • After that, try to safely remove your USB Storage device again and see if the error is fixed. Note that you need to go over the same steps again if you want to plug your USB Storage device back in but make sure to select the Online option instead of Offline to get your device back online.
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INET_E_RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND
The previous Windows versions all came with Microsoft's browser Internet Explorer. A lot of users love it because not only that it is easy to use. It is also very fast. Users didn’t have to worry about compatibility because it is almost always compatible with its Windows Version. When they introduced Windows 10, they changed the name of the browser from Internet Explorer to Microsoft Edge. It is faster and more user-friendly compared to its predecessors. But after the Creator Update, some experienced receiving the inet_e_resource_not_found error code. In contrary to what everyone expects, you actually don’t have to uninstall and reinstall the Microsoft Edge App. What you can do is reset the browser in your Apps & Features Settings in your Microsoft Settings.

To reset the browser you can follow the steps below:

  1. Click on the Windows icon and go to settings.
  2. Click on Apps and this will bring you to the Apps & Features page. Look for Microsoft Edge from the list of Apps and click on it.
  3. Choose Advance Option
  4. Scroll down then Under Reset, click on repair or reset. When you repair it will fix the existing problem but the data that caused the problem may still be present and can still cause problems. If you click on reset, it will delete all the cache and cookies that are installed in your browser but it will save your Favorites as well as your bookmarks.

Another way to resolve this is by disabling the feature TCP Fast Open on Microsoft Edge. To disable this, go ahead and follow the steps below:

  1. Open the Microsoft Edge browser.
  2. Type in about: flags on the Address (URL) bar.
  3. Under Networking, uncheck the Enable TCP Fast Open.
  4. Close your Microsoft Edge browser and open a new one.
Flushing the DNS also worked for other Users. Sometimes, the error code the inet_e_resource_not_found is caused by a corrupted DNS cache. There are 2 ways to flush your DNS. The first option is to use the command prompt to run the command.
  1. To access the Command prompt or CMD, you can search for it on Cortana or you can click on the Windows icon to access the Programs, scroll down to the Windows System folder and click on it.
  2. A drop-down menu will show up, click on Command Prompt which is the first on the list.
  3. Type in the code ipconfig /flushdns and press enter.
  4. There will be a message that will show that says Windows IP configuration successfully flushed the DNS Resolver Cache
  5. Exit the CMD by typing exit and press enter.
The easiest way to do this is to Press the keys Window + R on your keyboard. Type in ipconfig /flushdns in the search box and hit enter or click on OK. These are only some of the ways to resolve the inet_e_resource_not_found. There are other ways to further troubleshoot this issue such as reinstalling your Wifi Adapter Driver or adjusting the DNS Server Address. But most of the time, users are able to resolve the issue with the steps provided above.
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Quick Guide to Fixing Error Code 29

What is Error Code 29?

Code 29 is a Device Manager error commonly seen whenever a hardware device driver reports a problem. This error code indicates that the resources needed for operation are not available.

The computer hardware basically requires drivers to interface with the operating system. Drivers comprise multiple components and are supplemented with other resources provided by the BIOS (a physical chip on the motherboard).

The BIOS contains a set of basic input and output instructions for the computer system to boot, load drivers, and more.

Its firmware provides resources that drivers require to interface with other essential components. However, when the firmware fails to provide the requested resources, the device drivers stop functioning; this results in error codes like code 29.

Error code 29 is usually displayed in the following format:

“This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources” Code 29

Solution

driverfix boxError Causes

Error code 29 may be triggered due to several reasons. These include:

  • Outdated drivers
  • Corrupted drivers
  • BIOS misconfiguration
  • The device firmware is corrupt
  • Previous attempt to update the driver failed

To avoid inconvenience and to ensure your computer keeps working at its optimal pace, it is recommended that you repair error code 29 on your PC immediately. Delay may limit you from using certain hardware attached to your system properly.

Further Information and Manual Repair

To repair error code 29, you don’t have to hire a professional and spend hundreds of dollars. Here are some quick and effective DIY methods that you can try to resolve this issue in minutes even if you don’t have any technical background.

Method 1 - Reboot Your PC

Sometimes, error codes like code 29 may pop up on your computer screen due to some temporary glitch with the hardware. Rebooting can resolve the issue easily.

Therefore, before you do anything, try restarting your PC. It could be all you need to repair code 29. However, if the error code continues to persist, try the other methods given below.

Method 2 - Clear the CMOS

This may sound technical but it isn’t. To begin, with CMOS is an acronym for Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor.

It is a term that is used to describe motherboard memory that contains the BIOS settings. Clearing CMOS helps reset the BIOS settings to their default manufacturer levels. It’s easy to do and is an effective troubleshooting step to resolve error code 29.

To do this, simply:

  1. Enter the BIOS setup utility  by restarting your PC
  2. Watch for an entering setup message
  3. Enter the BIOS access key. Usually, the key is F2 or F12. However, the key may differ from manufacturer to manufacturer. You may want to check the manufacturer’s website first to find out the BIOS access key before you restart your PC.
  4. ‘Reset BIOS settings’ to their default factory levels.

Method 3 - Enable the Device in the BIOS

Error code 29 may appear if a device is disabled. In such a scenario, simply follow the same steps as discussed in method 2, and in the advanced BIOS settings, look for disabled devices.

Enable the devices in the BIOS so that you use them easily.

This will hopefully resolve the issue. If it doesn’t, then this means the error code 29 is caused by either corrupted or outdated drivers. Try method 4 to resolve this issue successfully.

Method 4 - Identify the Problematic Device Drivers and Update them

Whether the error code 29 is caused by a misconfigured, corrupted, or outdated driver, simply update the new driver version to resolve. When doing it manually, you will first have to find and identify the problematic device drivers in the Device Manager.

You can access the Device Manager by going to the start menu and then simply typing Device Manager in the search bar.

Access the Device Manager and the properties to identify problematic drivers. Problematic drivers are normally displayed with a yellow exclamation mark.

Once you have spotted problematic drivers, simply update new drivers to resolve them. Though there is nothing technical about it but it may be time-consuming.

Method 5 - Install Driver Assist to Update Drivers Automatically and Regularly

A good alternative to manual driver update is DriverFIX. Simply download and install DriverFIX on your PC to update all problematic drivers in seconds. This is a cutting-edge program designed to resolve all kinds of device driver problems.

It is user-friendly and compatible with all Windows versions.

The intelligent programming system deployed inside this software program enables it to identify and detect all problem drivers automatically thereby sparing you from the hassle.

Furthermore, it also matches the drivers with the latest and compatible versions and updates them on a regular basis.

It takes the guesswork out of finding misconfigured and corrupted drivers and fixes driver-related problems and error codes like code 29 right away.

Click here to download DriverFIX to repair Device Manager error code 29 on your system without any hassle.

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Comparing FAT32, NTFS, exFAT file system
When we get ourselves a new USB stick, new hard drive, or any storage device not including optical drives they are usually preformatted and ready to be used out of the box. However, reformating them has several benefits and while we are reformatting we can choose in which file system format we want the memory to be formatted. In this article, we will compare and explore 3 typical and standard format options you can get while formating a new media in Windows 10.

FAT32

The oldest one on the list, coming all the way from DOS days. Great for devices that need to be plugged in different operating systems and for USB flash drives. Its advantages are compatibility with all major operating systems and little memory usage comparing to other ones. However, the file system is limited to file sizes of the maximum capacity of 4GB and partitions can not exceed more than 32GB.

NTFS

First introduced in Windows NT this file system offered slower performance than FAT32 and somewhat limited usability but the main advantages were more stability and fewer errors. Its main advantages are support for files larger than 4GB and partitions larger than 32GB along with the ability for on the file encryption, main disadvantage would be limited operating system usage, NTFS can not be used on systems that work on FAT32 like MS-DOS for example or older versions of Windows. The best usage for this file system is in internal hard disk drives and system drives.

exFAT

New kid on the block, well at least from the perspective of the previous 2. exFAT offers unlimited file sizes and unlimited partition sizes but at a price that is even more limiting than NTFS. Some Linux distributions will require a driver to be installed in order to see the exFAT partition. The best use is in storage, in external hard drives. That's it, 3 major file systems, we hope that you have managed to learn something new today, and remember to drop by tomorrow for more articles about advice, tips, tricks, and troubleshooting.
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