Choosing default browser in Windows 11

Error Code 0xC1900101, 0x20017 – What is it?

Error code 0xC1900101, 0x20017 in Windows 10 occurs when Windows users attempt to upgrade to Windows 10 but fail to complete the installation process. This Windows error code may occur due to issues with a third-party antivirus program or problems related to a driver or hardware. When this occurs users will receive an error message and their machine will automatically revert to the original operating system on the device. Common symptoms of the error code include the following:

• Error code 0xC1900101-0x20017 message box
• Inability to complete Windows 10 upgrade

Solution

Error Causes

Like many other error codes affecting Windows 10 users, 0xC1900101-0x20017 may result due to several different reasons. Oftentimes, error code 0xC1900101 -0x20017 affects users who attempt to upgrade their operating system but have incompatible drivers or hardware as well as antivirus or other security systems which prevent the upgrade from occurring. If this error message is not resolved, it could give birth to other error messages such as error code 0x80070652. 

Further Information and Manual Repair

To fix this particular error code affecting Windows 10 devices, you will need to employ at least one manual repair method mentioned within this article. Manual repair methods offer effective solutions as they seek to address the root causes related to Windows error codes. When the manual repair methods are implemented correctly, users are usually able to quickly overcome issues that cause Windows error codes and can thereafter access all the benefits Windows has to offer to its users.

Note, however, that in a few cases where technical skills are required, the need for a Windows repair technician may present itself. In such a case, resort to Windows forums and other resources to access help from a certified Windows professional. Also, consider using an automated tool where necessary.

Method One: Temporarily Disable or Uninstall Third-party Security Software

Some third-party security programs or antivirus software may interfere with the installation process when Windows users attempt to upgrade to Windows 10. To verify if this is the issue causing error code 0xC1900101-0x20017 on your device, temporarily uninstall or disable these applications. You may easily do so by checking the settings of these programs or visiting Settings within the Windows Start Menu.

Once you have disabled these programs on your device, reboot your machine and attempt to update to Windows 10. If the issue was caused by a third-party app, error code 0xC1900101-0x20017 will no longer occur and your machine will successfully upgrade to the version of Windows 10 you attempt to download.

However, in the case where error code 0xC1900101-0x20017 in Windows 10 reoccurs during the installation process, you will need to resort to another manual repair method listed below.

Method Two: Disable Firewall Software

Like method one, this manual repair method can be effective in combating issues related to 0xC1900101-0x20017. This is of course, dependent on whether or not the error code is due to an incompatible security program.

Temporarily disable your firewall by adjusting its settings. Once this step is complete, reboot your machine and attempt to install the latest version of Windows 10. If you are able to complete the process, this means the problem was due to an issue with your firewall. You can then enable the firewall you previously disabled or download another program as its replacement.

If the error code reoccurs, however, consider implementing the next manual repair method on this list.

Method Three: Use Command Prompt to Check for Damaged System Files

Command Prompt can be very effective in helping regular as well as technically skilled users repair issues with their PC. In the case of error code 0xC1900101-0x20017 in Windows 10, access Command Prompt using the following instructions.

• Step one: Right-click Start Menu
• Step two: Select Command Prompt (Admin)
• Step three: Type sfc /scannow

Be sure to enter the command as it is written above, with a space between “sfc” and “/scannow”. Wait until the scan is complete. If there are any errors related to system files, i.e. if any system files are damaged, corrupted, or missing, your machine will begin to fix it. Once the process is complete, reboot your PC then reattempt the Windows 10 upgrade process via Windows Update. If you are successful, it means that you have rectified error code 0xC1900101-0x20017. Otherwise, you may need to contact a Windows repair technician.

Method Four: Download an Automated Tool

If you wish to always have at your disposal a utility tool to fix these Windows 10 and other related issues when they do arise, download and install a powerful automated tool.

Anxiety from all these digital threats lurking everywhere? An antivirus program can help put your mind at ease.

What can a virus do to your device?

A virus is malicious software that can affect pretty much any device and does so in a variety of ways. Be it your computer, your phone or your smart lightbulb - as long as there’s access to the internet, malware can get to it.

How exactly does this kind of attack manifest itself? Well, there’s a wide variety of effects ranging from mild to severe. Among other things, they depend on which type of malware attacks your device - a virus, spyware, ransomware, adware or something else.

These are some of the things you can expect to happen:

• Slow performance
• System crashes
• Theft of data and sensitive information
• Connectivity issues
• Constant browser redirects
• Strange messages sent to your contacts 
• Interference with files

It really can be the stuff of nightmares. So, if you want to sleep peacefully knowing that your devices are completely safe, you should definitely consider getting an antivirus.

P.S. don’t let its name fool you - an antivirus does indeed protect your devices against more than just viruses.

What is antivirus software exactly?

Antivirus software is designed to help you battle and ward off malware. Basically, it scans your device to detect any suspicious activity and offers tools to get rid of the culprit. 

At first, antiviruses were developed to fight against viruses only, but nowadays they cover a lot more ground. Here are some of the biggest benefits of getting yourself a powerful defender.

Advantages of antivirus software

1. It fights those pesky ads

Look, constant ads that pop up everywhere aren’t the absolute worst thing that can happen on your computer. If anything, they are annoying, like when you’re trying to sleep but that one fly in your room just won’t stop buzzing.

Now, there’s a free, well-established solution for that - installing an ad blocker. And we’re about a hundred and ten percent sure you’ve already done that on each and every browser you use.

However, “if I can’t see it, it doesn’t exist” isn’t the most ideal approach for your online safety. Ad blockers can’t block everything and they won’t protect you from potential adware. An antivirus on the other hand offers that layer of protection against malware snuck into pop-ups and spammy websites.

2. It protects you from hackers

Hackers don’t target government institutions only. They’ll target regular people too if they have something to gain.

There are different types of hacking, such as phishing e-mails, transmission of malicious programs, credential reuse, denial of service and more. In any case, they take control of your device and hijack your data.

The good thing is that, as threats evolve, antiviruses evolve too and there are tons of quality programs on the market that can keep you secure for an affordable price.

3. It keeps your files and data safe

When malware enters your device, it can target pretty much any file and get access to any and all data.

Installing an antivirus program will make sure that every single file, new or old, is monitored at all times, warning you against threats immediately. That way, you can make sure to react before your other files become infected and data is lost or stolen.

Another great thing for data protection is that the best antivirus software normally comes with a password manager, so no one can use malware to steal your passwords.

4. It blocks all kinds of malware

As we already stated, malicious attacks can be performed in many ways and malware comes in in different shapes an sizes, such as:

• Trojan horse
• Spyware
• Ransomware
• Adware
• Rootkit
• RAT (remote access Trojan)
• Keyloggers
• Worms
• Botnets

Nowadays, antivirus software is designed to fight against all of these types. That’s why more often than not we hear the term 'antivirus' used interchangeably with 'anti-malware,' like in this article.

5. It keeps your children protected

You can’t keep your eyes on your kid every second of the day and you can’t protect them from everything. But at least you can limit their exposure to the threats they can encounter at every corner of the digital world.

An antivirus program will block harmful or suspicious websites and ads, which is great both for you and your children. To take it a step further, though, many such programs come with special parental controls and offer monitoring as well. It’s a great solution for keeping your kids safe online without sounding like the irritating, overbearing, controlling parent who “just doesn’t get it!”

How to pick one

There are definitely lots of different antivirus programs out there, both free and paid. We recommend you look for a paid option, since free ones are unfortunately a lot more susceptible to being compromised through malicious attacks.

Now, there are a few factors to consider when choosing the right software. If you use your PC for basic things then a basic antivirus will suffice. However, the more complex your use and the more sensitive the data you deal with, the stronger it needs to be.

It’s also crucial that you take into account the features it includes. As we already mentioned, some programs have additional security options. For example, depending on the package you select, Bitdefender provides:

• Webcam and mic monitoring
• Parental control
• Firewall
• VPN
• Password management
• Identity theft protection

Some are included in plans and some are separate products, so make sure to check out all the offers.

And don’t worry if you have multiple PCs or you’re looking for protection for your smartphone or tablet as well; Bitdefender has suitable solutions for your needs. Of course, you can also just pick their classic antivirus software if you’re not in need of advanced protection.

Another important point is how regularly the software is updated and enhanced. The more frequent the updates the better, as bugs can make the program more vulnerable. Other things we advise you consider are user-friendliness, impact on performance, reputation (user reviews especially) and, of course, price.

The bottom line

Fact is: anyone can be a malware victim. Don’t let it be you.

You can’t put a price on peace and security, so don’t be reluctant to pay for yours - especially since a lot of options out there are extremely affordable. Is $159.00 a year really too much to pay for cross-platform protection for up to 10 devices? We don’t think so.

Explore your options and protect your files and data before it’s too late.

If you are trying to connect to the internet using the Microsoft Edge browser but encountered an error message instead that says, “Can’t connect to the proxy server”, read on as this post will show you how you can fix this error. This kind of error in Microsoft Edge could be caused by incorrect proxy settings or worse, malware. To fix this error, here are some suggestions you need to check out:

Option 1 – Try to check your internet connection

The first thing you can do to resolve the “Can’t connect to the proxy server” error in Microsoft Edge is to check your internet connection. There are times when your internet connection or Wi-Fi router can cause such problems. In such cases, you have to ensure that you have a valid internet source and if you are using a Wi-Fi router, you can try to use another connection and then see if the error is gone or not.

Option 2 – Try to disable the manual proxy set up from the Settings

In case you miss it, there is actually an option in the Settings panel that you can use to set up proxy in your Windows 10 computer. So if you encounter the “Can’t connect to the proxy server” error, you should disable manual proxy for the meantime and check if it fixed the error or not.

• Tap the Win + I keys to open the Windows Settings.
• Then go to Network & Internet > Proxy.
• And on your right-hand side, ensure that the Automatically detect settings are enabled and that the Use a proxy server option under the Manual proxy setup is disabled.
• Now try to open any website again and see if the problem’s fixed.

Option 3 – Try disabling the VPN

Like pointed out earlier, if you are using VPN, this could be the reason why you’re getting the “Can’t connect to the proxy server” error so the most obvious thing to do is for you to turn off the VPN and try to load a website in Edge again. And if you use a VPN software that works using their software, you can just completely exit or log-off from its account. On the other hand, if you are using a built-in Windows 10 VPN, you can simply turn it off or delete all the settings you have created there.

Option 4 – Disable the proxy server for your LAN

If your PC was just attacked by some adware or malware as of late, it is possible that it has changed the network settings in the system and might display spam advertisements. Thus, you have to disable the proxy server for your LAN. To do that, refer to these steps:

• Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
• Then type “inetcpl.cpl” in the field and hit Enter to pull up the Internet Properties.
• After that, go to the Connections tab and select the LAN settings.
• From there. Uncheck the “Use a Proxy Server” option for your LAN and then make sure that the “Automatically detect settings” option is checked.
• Now click the OK and the Apply buttons.
• Restart your PC.

Note: If you are using a third-party proxy service, you have to disable it.

Option 5 – Temporarily disable Firewall and third-party antivirus

Firewall and antivirus programs are known to block files the instant it detects a threat to the system. However, there are some cases when it can also block a file even when it’s a safe one. Thus, your antivirus or firewall programs might be the reason why you can’t download anything on your Windows 10 computer. To isolate the issue, you need to temporarily disable both the Firewall and antivirus programs and then check if you can now download anything from the internet. Do not forget to enable them again as disabling them can leave your computer vulnerable to cyber threats.

Option 6 – Clear the browsing data of Microsoft Edge

• Open Microsoft Edge.
• Then click on the three horizontal dots to open the menu.
• From there, click on Settings. And under Settings, click the “Choose what to clear” button under the Clear browsing data section.
• Next, check all the checkboxes and then click the Clear button to clear the browsing data in the Edge browser.
• Restart Edge.

Option 7 – Try to reset, repair or reinstall Edge via Settings

You can reset, repair or reinstall the Edge browser through Settings. If none of it helped, you can try the following:

• Open File Explorer and then go to this path – C:/Users/YourUsername/AppData/Local/Packages

Note: Before you type in the path in the Address bar, make sure that you put your user account name in place with the “YourUsername”.

• Tap Enter to proceed.
• Next, look for the folder named “MicrosoftEdge_8wekyb3d8bbwe” then right-click on it.
• Click on Properties and uncheck the option “Read-only” under the General tab in the Properties window.
• Click on Apply and then OK to save the changes made.
• After that, look for the MicrosoftEdge_8wekyb3d8bbwe folder again and delete it. And if a prompt stating “Folder Access Denied” appears on your screen, just click on the Continue button to proceed – doing so will delete most of the content inside the folder except for the folder named “AC”.
• Restart your PC.
• Now all you have to do is to re-register Microsoft Edge using PowerShell. In the Start Menu, search “Windows PowerShell”.
• Right-click on Windows PowerShell from the search results and select the “Run as administrator” option.
• Type in this command in the PowerShell windows and tap Enter – Cd C:/Users/YourUsername

Note: Once again, make sure that you key in your user account name in place of “YourUsername.

• After that, type in this command and tap Enter – Get-AppXPackage -AllUsers -Name Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge | Foreach {Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register "$($_.InstallLocation)AppXManifest.xml" -Verbose}
• Restart your PC.

Option 8 – Scan your computer for malware using Windows Defender

Your computer could be infected with malware which might have triggered the “Can’t connect to the proxy server” error. To fix this, you need to scan your computer using a reliable program like Windows Defender.

• Tap the Win + I keys to open Update & Security.
• Then click on the Windows Security option and open Windows Defender Security Center.
• Next, click on Virus & threat protection > Run a new advanced scan.
• Now make sure that Full Scan is selected from the menu and then click the Scan Now button to get started.

If you have recently installed a new internal or external hard drive or SSD and you’ve noticed that its status on the left side of the Disk Management tool states “Unknown Not Initialized”, this indicates that Windows can’t initialize the disk and that you won’t be able to use this new SSD or hard drive. You can encounter this kind of issue randomly and not just with a new hard drive or SSD but also with existing drives. There are times when you won’t be able to find your drive or partition in the File Explorer. In such a case, you have to check the Disk Management if your drive or partition is there physically. You also have to check if you can see it as Not Initialized. If it is, then this means that the disk or partition does not have a valid signature that is if it’s not registered with the system properly. Note that a disk is registered when you format it at least once so if the disk was available before, then it could be somehow corrupted. To resolve the problem, you can try to initialize the disk manually or bring it online and add a drive letter. You can also try checking the Device Manager for issues or check the cable physically.

Option 1 – Try to manually initialize the disk

Since initializing the disk is the most common way to resolve the “Unknown Not Initialized” error, this is what you have to try first.

• To initialize the disk manually, you have to open the Disk Management from the WinX menu by tapping Win + X keys and selecting Disk Management.
• From there, you can find the non-initialized disk. Right-click on it and select the “Initialize Disk” option.
• Next, select the partition style. It is recommended that you use the MBR option instead of the GPT or GUID Partition Table.
• Now click the OK button. Your hard drive or SSD should now initialize without any problem.

Option 2 – Set the disk Online and add the Drive letter

• If the disk appears to be offline under Disk Management, right-click on it and select the Online option.
• On the other hand, if the disk is already set Online but does not have a drive letter, right-click on it and select the Change drive letter and path option.
• Select a letter that is not allocated yet.
• Once you’re done, you have the option to format the disk in either NTFS or FAT32 but if you are using a 64-bit computer, make sure that you opt for NTFS.

Option 3 – Try to check any issues in the Device Manager

It is also possible that the hard drive is not working properly due to some driver issues. Thus, it’s better if you check the Device Manager and see if that drive is listed with a yellow exclamation mark next to it. And if that’s the case, you have to right-click on that drive and select the Uninstall drive option. After that, click on Action and then run the Scan for hardware changes. It should fix the problem.

Option 4 – Try to physically check the cable

You might also want to check the physical status of the wires and see if they are connected properly or not. Specifically, you have to check two cables, such as:

• The first one is the power cable that’s connected to your SMPS.
• Next is the one that’s connected to your motherboard.

If any of the two cables are not working or missing, then it’s no wonder why your drive has an “Unknown Not Initialized” status. Thus, you need to have them replaced to fix the problem.

Taking information from the internet or from other sources usually involves selecting the text, copying it into the clipboard, and then pasting it into your file. In today's modern applications pasting text will most of the time take its formating with it.

By formatting what I am talking about are parameters like font size, line breaks, hyperlinks, font styles, etc. and sometimes you do not want any of these in your file, you would like and prefer to have just plain text so you can format it as you wish.

In order to paste just plain text instead of using the CTRL + V keyboard shortcut, press CTRL + SHIFT + V instead. This shortcut will paste the only text into your file.

Shortcut and Microsoft Word

Leave it to Microsoft to make its shortcut not work in their application. In Microsoft Word, you can only use the standard CTRL + V shortcut, if you press CTRL + SHIFT + V nothing will happen. So in order to paste the only text into a word document, choose to paste special > text only

Other applications

I have tried CTRL + SHIFT + V in various applications like photoshop, illustrator, InDesign, visual studio code, slack, discord, WordPress installations, etc and only one that has not worked for me was Word and office in general so you are safe to use this trick and have desired results.

Blue Screen of Death errors or Stop errors are indications that something’s wrong with your computer. So when you encounter one, you must find out what the root cause of the problem is before it gets out of hand. One of the BSOD errors you might encounter on your Windows 10 computer is the “DRIVER IRQL NOT LESS OR EQUAL or SYSTEM THREAD EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED, Netwtw04.sys failed” error. As you know, system files or .sys files are some of the essential parts of the Windows operating system. It is a repository of system driver settings used by the Windows operating system in order to communicate with the connected hardware and devices. They are essential for the normal functioning of the operating system. A lot of Windows 10 users are facing this particular Blue Screen of Death error whenever they open an app or disconnect external devices from the system. The Netwtw04.sys file is a part of the Intel PROSet/Wireless Wi-Fi software. And so when you might encounter two kinds of Stop errors for the Netwtw04.sys driver file such as:

1. “DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL What failed: Netwtw04.sys.” – This kind of error message signifies that a kernel-mode driver tried to access pageable memory at a process IRQL that was too high.
2. “SYSTEM_THREAD_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED What failed: Netwtw04.sys” – This error message indicates that the root cause of the error might be incompatible drivers with the operating system. In general, the root cause of the Netwtw04.sys BSOD error might be due to several reasons such as corrupted files, incorrect device driver configuration, malicious programs, outdated drivers, bad drivers, corrupted Windows Registry as well as some damaged or corrupted system files.

Whichever of the two error messages you got, you can try the troubleshooting options given below to fix the “DRIVER IRQL NOT LESS OR EQUAL or SYSTEM THREAD EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED, Netwtw04.sys failed” BSOD error.

Option 1 – Try to rollback your Network driver

If you have updated the driver software as of late and you suddenly got this BSOD error, you might have to roll back the device driver – in other words, switch back to the previous working version. To do that, follow these steps:

• Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run window and then type in the “devmgmt.msc” command and hit Enter to open the Device Manager window.
• Under the Device Manager, you will see a list of drivers. From there, look for the Network Adapters and expand it.
• Next, select the driver entries that are labeled appropriately other than anything in the context of the WAN Miniport.
• Then select each one of them and double-click to open a new mini window.
• After that, make sure that you’re on the Driver tab and if you are not, just navigate to it then click the Roll Back Driver button to switch back to the previous version of your Network adapters.
• Now restart your computer to successfully apply the changes made.

Option 2 – Try to update the Network drivers

If the present Network driver is giving you a headache that is the “DRIVER IRQL NOT LESS OR EQUAL or SYSTEM THREAD EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED, Netwtw04.sys failed” BSOD error, then you need to update the Network drivers. To do so, here’s what you have to do:

• Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run window and then type in the “devmgmt.msc” command and hit Enter to open the Device Manager window.
• Under the Device Manager, you will see a list of drivers. From there, look for the Network Adapters and expand it.
• Then right-click on each one of the Network drivers and update them all.
• Restart your PC and see if it helped in fixing the BSOD error.

Note: If updating the network drivers didn’t help in fixing the problem, you can also try to uninstall the very same drivers and restart your Windows 10 PC. After that, the system itself will reinstall the drivers you just uninstalled. Alternatively, you can also download and install the drivers from the manufacturer’s website directly.

Option 3 – Try running the System File Checker Scan

The SFC or System File Checker scan could detect and automatically repair damaged system files that could be causing the Netwtw04.sys failed BSOD error. SFC is a built-in command utility that helps in restoring corrupted files as well as missing files. It replaces bad and corrupted system files to good system files. To run the SFC command, follow the steps given below.

• Tap Win + R to launch Run.
• Type in cmd in the field and tap Enter.
• After opening Command Prompt, type in sfc /scannow

The command will start a system scan which will take a few whiles before it finishes. Once it’s done, you could get the following results:

1. Windows Resource Protection did not find any integrity violations.
2. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files and successfully repaired them.
3. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files but was unable to fix some of them.

Option 4 – Run the DISM Tool

The DISM tool is another command-line tool in the Windows operating system that could help users fix various corrupted system files. To use it, follow these steps:

• Open the Command Prompt as admin.
• Then type in this command: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
• The DISM command you entered will repair the corrupted system image. Do not close the window if the process takes a while as it will probably take a few minutes to finish.

Option 5 – Run the CHKDSK Utility

Running the CHKDSK utility might also help you resolve the Netwtw04.sys failed BSOD error. If your hard drive has issues with integrity, the update will really fail as the system will think that it’s not healthy and that’s where the CHKDSK utility comes in. The CHKDSK utility repairs hard drive errors that might be causing the problem.

• Open Command Prompt with admin privileges.
• After opening Command Prompt, execute the following command and hit Enter:

chkdsk /f /r

• Wait for the process to be completed and then restart your computer.

Error Code 36 – What is it?

This is a common Device Manager Error Code that users encounter. It is commonly found on all Windows 2000 and later versions of Windows operating systems. Error Code 36 is usually prompted by the following message:

"This device is requesting a PCI interrupt but is configured for an ISA interrupt (or vice versa). Please use the computer's system setup program to reconfigure the interrupt for this device. (Code 36)"

Solution

Error Causes

Error Code 36 occurs when there is a failure in IRQ translation due to your Windows operating system getting corrupted. This is caused due to a number of triggers, such as:

• An excess of startup entries
• Errors in registries
• RAM or hardware failure
• Excessive unnecessary installed programs
• Malware or spyware

When programs are removed excessively, some programs are not removed completely and create problems in your computer’s registry.

Also, due to the presence of malware and spyware and other causes mentioned above, your computer registry builds up errors with the time that leads to slowing your PC, time lags, and even result in crashes and freezes.

Error Code 36 can cause internal and external components to malfunction or experience time lags such as DVD drive or printer and hence can severely affect your entire PC.

Further Information and Manual Repair

Error Code 36 is a severe PC error and any attempt at fixing the error must be approached with extreme caution for your PC to start functioning properly again. Here are two methods to fixing your PC.

Method 1 – Change IRQ reservation settings

Changing the IRQ reservation settings is the best way you can rely on to fix the error code. You can do this by changing the BIOS settings of your PC.

The BIOS stands for ‘Basic Input/Output System’ and is the program of your PC’s microprocessor that allows your PC to boot after you switch it on.

Caution needs to be exercised before changing the BIOS settings of your PC. This is because every PC’s BIOS version differs from another and any wrong attempt to change the settings may make matters worse.

It is therefore recommended to refer to hardware documentation that you received with your PC or motherboard and check for the model number and details of your PC’s motherboard.

Only after you have checked and confirmed all the details, should you use the specific BIOS settings required to configure your IRQ reservations?

Method 2 – Install DriverFIX

Error Code 36 isn’t an easy error to remove.

While changing the BIOS settings can work to restore your PC, it may create a whole lot of inconvenience for finding the time and effort to check the hardware documentation details and attempting to change the specific settings and especially, if your PC does not support the options to change IRQ reservations.

Given the high risks of fixing such an error, you can also install software that enables you to fix your slow PC at the click of a few buttons.

Programs such as DriverFIX can enable you to download and replace your outdated drivers with new updated ones without you having to look for them. It will detect which drivers to download based on your PC’s motherboard version from the program’s database and can get rid of error code 36.

Click here to download DriverFIX and remove error code 36 and any other type of Device Manager error from your PC.

You probably heard about switches for LAN but not a lot of people heard about KVM switches. So what exactly is KVM switch?

If we look at the name, it is a shortcut for Keyboard, Video & Mouse and the original idea was to have multiple computers but one keyboard, mouse, and monitor. These peripherals would be connected to the KVM switch and other computers could all use one set of these on the fly when needed.

The technology behind the switch is a little interesting since it will actively fake signals to other computers that are not using peripherals. Once they are switched to them the transition is smooth and not noticeable. In old days these switches were more important than today since on every mouse or keyboard disconnection you had to reboot the computer, and although today that is not the case CPU will still detect disconnection and on the next connection it will run through the ID of the device and try to use the existing driver and if peripheral was connected in other USB port, it will install the same driver but connect it to the new USB port.

This type of reconnection can slow down work and place unnecessary load on the CPU so that is why KVM will fake connection in order to make switching externals on the computer smooth and in nick of a time.

Modern KVM switch

These days modern KVM switches will offer you more options than just being able to switch between keyboard, mouse, and monitor. Modern switches now offer Lan, audio, and many more various options.

There are also different kinds of switches offering you only one option, like for example just a Video switch that will let you use one monitor on three computers and many more other specialized options.

Software switches

So far we talked about Hardware switches, a real device being able to take peripherals into it and switch computers on the fly. On the other line, we have software switch solutions that will have specific software installed on all computers and have it run at all times, and switching between them will be through specific software.

There are two very good and main advantages of using software solutions instead of a hardware one. First, of course, is the price, since the most popular Synergy is an open-source solution, completely free of charge. The second big advantage is that software switch is not limited to how many computers can you use. Hardware switches tend to go to a large number like 16 but if you have a large cluster of computers over a LAN, let's say 30 then the box solution might be difficult.

On the other hand software solution will switch only keyboard and mouse since each other computer will have to have some screen on it in order to work. Both solutions have their strong advantages and disadvantages and it is up to you to choose one that best suits you.

Conclusion

If you are multitasking with a lot of computers or just need your peripherals from time to time to connect to another machine then the KVM switch is something that you might find the use of. Just be aware that if you go for some cheap switch you might experience some lag on your peripherals, but if that is not a concern you can get hardware one for as low as $50 USD.

Computer viruses are malicious applications that have the ability to self replicate and spread over the system and various devices, just like viruses in organisms. We all know that computer viruses are bad and that you should avoid them however you can. So in this spirit, we are taking a deeper dive into what kind of viruses exist and how they function.

1. File-infecting Virus

A virus that attached itself to an executable program. It is also called a parasitic virus which typically infects files with .exe or .com extensions. Some file infectors can overwrite host files and others can damage your hard drive’s formatting.

2. Macro Virus

This type of virus is commonly found in programs such as Microsoft Word or Excel. These viruses are usually stored as part of a document and can spread when the files are transmitted to other computers, often through email attachments.

3. Browser Hijacker

This virus targets and alters your browser setting. It is often called a browser redirect virus because it redirects your browser to other malicious websites that you don’t have any intention of visiting. This virus can pose other threats such as changing the default home page of your browser.

4. Web Scripting Virus

A very sneaky virus that targets popular websites. What this virus does is overwrite code on a website and insert links that can install malicious software on your device. Web scripting viruses can steal your cookies and use the information to post on your behalf on the infected website.

5. Boot Sector Virus

These viruses are once common back when computers are booted from floppy disks. Today, these viruses are found distributed in forms of physical media such as external hard drives or USB. If the computer is infected with a boot sector virus, it automatically loads into the memory enabling control of your computer.

6. Polymorphic Virus

This virus has the capability to evade anti-virus programs since it can change codes every time an infected file is performed.

7. Resident Virus

A resident virus stores itself on your computer’s memory which allows it to infect files on your computer. This virus can interfere with your operating system leading to file and program corruption.

8. Multipartite Virus

A type of virus that is very infectious and can easily spread on your computer system. It can infect multiple parts of a system including memory, files, and boot sector which makes it difficult to contain.