Fix cannot load the Device Driver Code 38

If you encounter an error message saying, “The connection was denied because the user account is not authorized for remote login” when you try to establish a remote connection, read on as this post will help you resolve the problem. This kind of error occurs when the targeted host does not allow you to access that system remotely. Based on the error, you are not authorized to log in remotely which means that you need to obtain the correct permission. There are several potential fixes you can try for this error. You can try to check the Remote Desktop Users group or add users to the Security group or check the Remote Desktop Service itself. Refer to the options provided below for more detailed instructions to fix the “The connection was denied because the user account is not authorized for remote login” error.

Option 1 – Try checking the Remote Desktop Users group

You can encounter this error when the Remote Desktop Users group does not have any permission for your user account that you are using to establish a remote connection. Thus, you need to make sure that your user account is a member of the Remote Desktop Users group. How? Refer to these steps:

• Tap the Win + R keys on your keyboard and then type “cmd” in the field and tap Enter or click OK to open Command Prompt.
• After opening Command Prompt, type the “lusrmgr.msc” command and tap Enter to execute it.
• Alternatively, you can also search for “lusrmgr.msc” in the Start Search and once you’ve opened it, select Users and then double click on your user name to open its Properties.
• From there, switch from the “General” tab to the “Member Of” tab.
• Next, if you can’t see any Remote Desktop Users group under the Administrator, you have to add it. To do that, just click on the Add button.
• After that, on the newly opened window, click on the Advanced and Find Now buttons, respectively.
• And in the Search results box, double click on Remote Desktop Users.
• Now click on the OK button to save the changes made and check if you can now connect to a remote host or not.

Option 2 – Try to add a user to the Security group

You can actually block or allow a user from logging on through the Remote Desktop Services. However, if you do not have the right setting, you won’t be able to use this functionality. Thus, you need to confirm this setting. To do that, follow the steps below.

• In the Start Search, type “secpol.msc” in the field and tap Enter to open the Local Security Policy panel.
• From there, go to User Rights Assignment.
• Next, look for a policy named “Allow log on through Remote Desktop Services” located on your right-hand side and then double click on it to open its Properties.
• If you were not able to find the Remote Desktop Users under Administrator, then you have to add it by simply clicking on the Add User or Group button.
• After that, enter “Remote Desktop Users” in the blank field and click the OK button to save the changes made.
• Now restart your computer and try connecting again to the remote host.

Option 3 – Try checking the Remote Desktop Users group

There is a service that’s supposed to be running and needs to be set up correctly for you to connect to the remote host. And so you need to ensure that this service is up and running. To do so, follow these steps:

• Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run utility.
• Then type “services.msc” in the field and hit Enter or click OK to open the Services Manager.
• Next, look for the Remote Desktop Services and double click on it to open its Properties.
• After that, go to the “Log On” tab and select the “This account” option and then click on the Browse button.
• On the next screen that appears, look for the Advanced button and click on it and use the Find Now button to search.
• You will see “NETWORK SERVICE”. Double click on it and then save the changes you’ve made to the settings.
• Finally, restart your PC and see if the problem is now fixed.

Error Code 28- What is it?

The error code 28 is a driver error. This is one of the many device manager error codes. When this error occurs on your computer, the following message is displayed:

“The drivers for this device are not installed. (Code 28)”

Another driver device error message you might encounter is error code 41. 

Error Causes

Error 28 occurs because of unsuccessful device driver installation. This usually happens when you try to update new drive versions on your system. It is advisable to repair this error right away as it can hamper your ability to use certain hardware. For example, if error 28 occurs due to the unsuccessful installation of the USB driver, then it if not fixed and resolved it may prevent you from using hardware devices. Unsuccessful driver installation means you either didn’t install it properly or your computer has registry issues. If it’s the registry then you must fix it without any delay because it can expose your PC to serious threats like system crash and failure. To avoid such inconvenience, repair it.

Further Information and Manual Repair

When it comes to repairing the error code 28, here’s what you can do: Simply go to the control panel and click on the Device Manager option:

• In the details pane with the list of devices, locate the device for which you want to reinstall the driver software.
• Double click on it to open the properties dialog box.
• Now click on the driver tab and then click update driver.

After updating, try using that device again if it doesn’t work and shows the error code 28 on your computer screen then this means the underlying cause is the registry.

So far we probably all know what are good new and exciting features that W11 is bringing to the table, let’s talk now about features that will be removed and are not there but we had them in W10

1. Taskbar, do not worry, it is still there but it will be locked hard only to the bottom, people is removed, applications cannot customize areas and some icons will not appear in the system tray.
2. Start Menu, No more named groups, cannot be resized, live tiles are history and pinned apps and sites will not migrate
3. Tablet mode is completely removed
4. Touch keyboard will not dock or undock on screen sizes bigger than 18 inches
5. The timeline feature is no more
6. The wallet is also removed
7. Cortana is not active on first boot experience and it is no longer pinned to the taskbar
8. Desktop wallpapers are not synched anymore when using an MS account
9. IE is disabled, IE mode in edge here to fill the gap
10. Math panel is removed with math recognizer as separate install on demand
11. News and interests are now Windows Widgets
12. Quick status is no longer on the lock screen nor in the settings
13. S Mode exclusive only to Windows 11 home edition
14. Snipping Tool continues to be available but functionality has been replaced with the Snip & Sketch tool functionality.3D Viewer, OneNote for Windows 10, Paint 3D, and Skype won't be installed anymore on new systems. They remain available when systems are upgraded.

NVIDIA is undeniably the market leader as a Graphics Card manufacturer. Recently, NVIDIA came about a feature known as NVIDIA Share. This feature allows users to carry out a number of tasks such as streaming, recording, and sharing their gameplay with other users. NVIDIA Share allows users to take multiple snapshots of the gameplay which brings in capabilities to get the memories of the moments that happen during an awesome game. However, as of late, there were reports that NVIDIA Share is not working or responding. So if you are one of the users who are currently facing this issue, then read on as this post will guide you in resolving it. Make sure to follow the options given below carefully for a successful result.

Option 1 – Try to update the drivers from the official site of NVIDIA

The first thing you can do is to update the drivers from the official site of NVIDIA. And in case you don’t know the type of Nvidia graphics card that your computer is on, follow the steps below:

• Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
• Next type in “dxdiag” in the field and click OK or hit Enter to open the DirectX Diagnostic Tool.
• From there, you can see what type of Nvidia graphics card that your system is on.
• Take note of your graphics card information and then look for the best drivers for your operating system. Once you’ve downloaded and installed the file, restart your PC.

Option 2 – Try to roll back the driver to the previous version

If the first option didn’t work for you, then it’s time to roll back the device drivers. It is most likely that after you updated your Windows computer that your driver also needs a refresh.

• Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run window and then type in the “msc” command and hit Enter to open the Device Manager window.
• Under the Device Manager, you will see a list of drivers. From there, look for the NVIDIA Drivers and expand them.
• Next, select the driver entries that are labeled appropriately.
• Then select each one of them and double click to open a new mini window.
• After that, make sure that you’re on the Driver tab and if you are not, just navigate to it then click the Roll Back Driver button to switch back to the previous version of the NVIDIA Drivers.
• Now restart your computer to successfully apply the changes made.

Option 3 – Try disabling NVIDIA Share

If the first two options given above didn’t work then you might want to try disabling NVIDIA Share. In case you didn’t make any modifications to the driver, chances are either your driver is out of date or there are some issues with the installation of the drivers. For you to find out, you need to first check if your NVIDIA drivers are really up to date. Once you’ve confirmed it, you can now disable the NVIDIA Share feature. Just refer to the steps below to do that.

• Search for the NVIDIA GeForce Experience in the search box and then click on the appropriate result to open it.
• After you open the NVIDIA GeForce Experience, go to the General tab.
• Next, scroll down to the NVIDIA Share section and then select the toggle to turn off this feature.
• Now restart your computer and try to check if there are any updates available for the NVIDIA Graphics card and install them again if there are any.

Error Code 0x80070570 - What is it?

Error Code 0x80070570 is a common Windows 10 error code that generally is seen by users who are attempting to install a new version of the operating system. While it is most often associated with Windows 10, variations on this same error code have been present in previous versions of the operating system, going all the way back to Windows 7.

Common symptoms include:

• Inability to run through the installation process to completion when attempting to install a new version of the operating system
• Error message regarding corrupt or missing files

While it is frustrating to encounter an error like Error Code 0x80070570 as you try to install a new operating system version on your device, there are several methods that can be used to try to resolve the issue. If you do not feel like you have the skill or knowledge necessary to successfully apply the steps below, be sure to get in touch with a trusted computer repair technician that is competent in the repair of Windows 10 errors.

Solution

Error Causes

In some cases, Error Code 0x80070570 arises erroneously when the system isn’t able to find a particular file that it needs. Other times, it happens when there is a conflict with the antivirus software that you are running and the installation software. Finally, there may be a faulty source of RAM in your computer that needs to be removed before the installation can be completed.

Regardless of what you believe to be the cause behind the error code, there are at least two different methods that you can use to try to resolve Error Code 0x80070570 on your device. The first is fairly simple and easy to follow, while the second requires a little bit more knowledge of your hardware in order to complete it successfully.

Further Information and Manual Repair

There are two common ways that users can attempt to get around Error Code 0x80070570 on their devices. Each requires a little more skill and technical knowledge than the last. If you don’t feel like you have the skill, time, or ability to invest in the methods below, be sure to get in touch with a Windows repair technician who can help you to complete the necessary steps in the right ways.

Here are the best ways to attempt to resolve Error Code 0x80070570 on your Windows device:

Method One:  Reattempt Installation

In some cases, when Error Code 0x80070570 appears on your computer, you can simply click on the OK button and then go back to the screen immediately proceeding where your installation has left off, choosing to restart the process of installation. For some users, repeating this method at least four times has allowed them to bypass the error without undertaking more serious and time-consuming methods to resolve the issue at hand.

Method Two:  Check Your Various Sources of RAM

If you have more than one source of RAM in your computer, first remove one of the sources, then re-attempt installation. If you are still encountering Error Code 0x80070570 after removing one of the sources, continue to remove each until you are down to a single source, then trade that last source for one of the ones that have been pulled.

If you have a bad source of RAM, this can help you to figure out which input is causing the error to appear and to address the problem appropriately. Once you have determined which specific source is causing the problem, you can reboot your computer and attempt to run the installation process one more time.

If your RAM sources are not specifically causing the issue, you may still need to run diagnostics tests on your hardware to identify the source of the problem at hand.

Method Three: Use An Automated Tool

If you wish to always have at your disposal a utility tool to fix these Windows 10 and other related issues when they do arise, download and install a powerful automated tool.

The Internet has become an essential human right as stated in many countries around the world. Among many benefits that the internet offers are various sites selling Stock photographs for all of your needs. No matter are you working in the design industry or just want to make something for yourself there is a high chance that you will eventually need some photos for your work. In this article we are going to go through the best Stock Photo sites BUT, we will focus on ones that give you royalty-free Photos, so no paying stuff here, just the best of the free world.

Adobe Stock free collection

https://tracker.tradedoubler.com In the last year of 2020, Adobe has made more than 70000 photos, videos, illustrations, and templates completely free. You are free to use provided material for personal, commercial, and creative work. Since this is adobe’s collection, well part of it, all of the given material is of high quality. You can also upload pictures to do a visual search to find similar ones.

Unsplash

https://unsplash.com/ Unsplash is a place where you will go if you want to find free-quality pictures. Since a lot of photographers are donating their selected work there you will find always consistently high-quality work there. Unsplash also has applications for Android and iOS so you can go through their stock on your mobile device as well. Photos are organized into categories that make searching much easier.

Pixabay

https://pixabay.com/ Pixabay is maybe well known due to its huge collection of both images and illustrations. There are tons and tons of stuff in there all royalty-free for use. The bad side is due to its strongest one, since there are so many images on its site, quality is not always top-notch like on Unsplash for comparison but you might find stuff here that you will not be able to do it anywhere else.

Pexels

https://www.pexels.com/ This is a great choice for web or app developers since you can find various UI ideas and designs on it. Many UI ideas ready for implementation will be found here and a decent amount of photos as well. The overall site is great for that purpose but please do read the license on each image since some of them are limited in use and cannot be used in commercial projects.

Pikwizard Stock

https://www.pikwizard.com/ Stock photography from Pikwizard is a place where you will go if you need high-quality pictures of people. There are a lot of images of people in natural poses doing things, nothing cheesy or unnatural, just pure and great-looking ones. Among other things is also a vast selection of cityscapes. Sadly as in the case of Pexels, not all pictures have the the same license so make sure to check terms of use before using one.

Gratisography Stock photos

http://gratisography.com/ Last on our list is a Stock site with a strange name and if you visit it you will see that it is not just the name that is strange. Gratisography is a stock site that aims to provide you with high-quality photographs but in different take from another site. These images are more artistic and surreal than other competitor sites. Images are uploaded almost on daily basis but since thematic is somewhat niche collection itself is relatively small.

Conclusion

That’s it, we hope that we have helped you in any way to find some material for your next project and I hope to see you soon back on errortools.com. Take care and all the best.

Recently, a lot of users reported getting several error messages when they upgraded their Windows 10 computers. One of these error messages users encountered during a Windows 10 upgrade is the Error 0x8007002C-0x4001E. if you are one of the users who is facing this error, read on as this post will help you fix it. When you encounter this error, you will see the following error message on your screen:

“We couldn’t install Windows 10 We’ve set your PC back to the way it was before you started installing Windows 10 0x8007002C-0x4001E, The installation failed in the SECOND_BOOT phase with an error during PRE_OOBE operation.”

To resolve the 0x8007002C-0x4001E, The installation failed in the SECOND_BOOT phase error, here are some suggestions that might help.

Option 1 – Try flushing the SoftwareDistribution and Catroot2 folders

You have to stop a couple of services such as BITS, Cryptographic, MSI Installer, and Windows Update Services. And to do that, you need to flush the contents in the SoftwareDistribution folder. The Software Distribution folder in the Windows operating system is a folder that can be found in the Windows directory and is used to store files temporarily which might be required to install the Windows Update on your PC. Thus, it is required by the Windows Update and maintained by WUAgent. Aside from that, it also contains all the Windows Update History files and once you delete them, you will most likely lose the Update history. As a result, the next time you run the Windows Update, it may result in a longer detection time.

• Open the WinX Menu.
• From there, open Command Prompt as admin.
• Then type in the following command – don’t forget to hit Enter right after typing each one of them.

net stop wuauserv net start cryptSvc net start bits net start msiserver

• After entering these commands, it will stop the Windows Update Service, Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS), Cryptographic, and the MSI Installer
• Next, go to the C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution folder and get rid of all the folders and files thereby tapping the Ctrl + A keys to select them all and then click on Delete. Note that if the files are in use, you won’t be able to delete them.

After flushing the SoftwareDistribution folder, you need to reset the Catroot2 folder to restart the services you just stopped. To do that, follow these steps:

• Type each one of the following commands.

net start wuauserv net start cryptSvc net start bits net start msiserver

• After that, exit Command Prompt and restart your computer, and then try to run Windows Update once more.

Option 2 – Select the Keep your files option

You can also select the option to perform an in-place upgrade and opt for the “Keep my files” option during an installation as it might make the process a lot smoother and if you need to perform a clean install, you can do so once the setup is completed.

Option 3 – Try to run the Windows Update Troubleshooter

Running the built-in Windows Update troubleshooter could also help you resolve the 0x8007002C-0x4001E, The installation failed in the SECOND_BOOT phase error. To run it, go to Settings and then select Troubleshoot from the options. From there, click on Windows Update and then click the “Run the troubleshooter” button.

Option 4 – Try to run Microsoft’s online troubleshooter

Aside from the Windows Update Troubleshooter, you can also run the online troubleshooter of Microsoft as it can help you with Windows 10 upgrade errors.

Option 5 – Perform a clean install

If none of the options worked, you can try to clean install Windows 10. Just make sure that you have the ISO from the official Microsoft Website and then a bootable USB drive to install Windows 10 again. Take note that this will delete all the data from your drive where Windows 10 was installed previously.

What is Error 2032?

Error 2032 is a Windows stream error. The error is generated when running applications like Flash. It shows that the application is unable to request ads from server.

Error Causes

The error 2032 is triggered due to multiple reasons including:

• The URL cannot be located or is blocked
• HTTP Service is not found
• Incorrect proxy settings
• Automatic cookies handling
• Corrupt Flash Player
• Viral infection
• Registry issues

Further Information and Manual Repair

Here are some easy and best do it yourself methods to resolve the error 2032 on your system:

Fix the Proxy Settings

To do this, first, go to the start menu and press RUN, type regedit in the RUN box and press enter. Now from the left-hand panel of the registry path open: HKEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionInternet Settings. Now double click the proxyenable string and replace its value with 0. After that, right-click on proxy server and select delete option. Then exit Regedit and restart your PC to activate changes.

Verify the URL

Sometimes the error 2032 may be generated due to wrong or incorrect URL in the HTTP Service URL property. So, verify your URL and look for typos. Specifying the correct URL can fix the error right away.

Check Cookies Handling

Automatic cookies handling can also trigger this error code. Therefore, to resolve the error, it is advisable to disable automatic cookies handling. This can be done by launching your web browser. Go to tools and then press the privacy tab. Now click on the advance tab from settings and un-check override automatic cookie handling. To confirm changes press OK.

Uninstall and then Reinstall the Flash Player

It is possible your Flash Player is corrupt. Therefore, another way to fix error 2032 is to uninstall the Flash Player and then reinstall it on your system.

Scan for Viruses

Programs usually get corrupted due to two reasons, viruses or registry issues. Therefore, to remove viruses on your PC, download and run an antivirus program.

Clean and Restore Registry

Also, clean the registry.

There are times when we delete a system files without meaning to on your Windows 10 computer. This happens a lot for users sometimes mistake a system file for a malware-laden file or junk file when it’s actually a system file from the System32 or SysWOW64 folder. In such cases, it could affect your computer. For instance, you might not be able to reboot your PC or open Settings. If you have removed system files from any of these folders by accident and you desperately want to restore them, read on, as this post will guide you in resolving the problem. Restoring them isn’t actually hard, just make sure that you have system admin access. The good thing is that there exists Windows Resource Protection which protects registry keys and folders and even critical system files. So if there are any detected changes to a protected system file, the modified file is restored from a cached copy located in the Windows folder. However, if the Windows Resource Protection program fails to restore these files, you need to check out the given fixes below.

Option 1 – Run System File Checker scan

To restore the system files you deleted, you can try running System File Checker or SFC scan. System File Checker is a command utility built into your computer that helps restore corrupted files and missing files. Refer to the following steps to run it:

• Boot your PC into Safe Mode.
• Hit the Win + R keys to launch Run.
• Type in cmd in the field and tap Enter.
• After opening Command Prompt, type in sfc /scannow

The command will start a system scan which will take a few while before it finishes. Once it’s done, you could get the following results:

1. Windows Resource Protection did not find any integrity violations.
2. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files and successfully repaired them.
3. Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files but was unable to fix some of them.

• Reboot your computer.

Option 2 – Try to run the DISM tool

Aside from System File Checker, you can also run the DISM or Deployment Imaging and Servicing Management Tool as it could help in restoring the system files on your Windows 10 computer. Using this built-in tool, you have various options such as the “/ScanHealth”, “/CheckHealth”, and “/RestoreHealth” which could help you resolve the problem.

• Open the Command Prompt with admin privileges.
• Then type in the following commands and make sure to hit Enter right after you type each one of them:
  • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
  • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
  • exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
• Do not close the window if the process takes a while as it will probably take a few minutes to finish.

Option 3 – Try performing a System Restore

Running System Restore can also help you bring back the system files. You can do this option either by booting into Safe Mode or in System Restore. If you are already in the Advanced Startup Options, just directly select System Restore and proceed with the next steps. And if you have just booted your PC into Safe Mode, refer to the steps below.

• Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
• After that, type in “sysdm.cpl” in the field and tap Enter.
• Next, go to the System Protection tab then click the System Restore button. This will open a new window where you have to select your preferred System Restore point.
• After that, follow the on-screen instructions to finish the process and then restart your computer and check if the problem is fixed or not.

Option 4 – Try to run Automatic or Startup Repair

Startup Repair, previously known as Automatic Repair, is an advanced tool in Windows that can help you diagnose various system issues, including this one. This tool will scan system files, configuration settings, registry settings, and so on in order to fix the problem on its own. To run Startup Repair, all you have to do is boot into the Advanced Startup Options and then go to Troubleshoot > Advanced option > Startup Repair and then run it. This will resolve the problem if you have deleted any system file that’s essential to your Windows 10 PC.

Option 5 – Reset your computer

• Tap the Win key or click on the Start button located in the Taskbar.
• Then click on the Power button at the bottom right portion of the screen.
• Next, press and hold the Shift key on your keyboard and then click on Restart. This will restart your Pc into the Advanced Startup options.

Note: Once you have access to the Advanced Startup options, you have to go to the setting which allows you to Reset your Windows 10 PC. All you have to do is select Troubleshoot > Reset this PC to reach the following screen Afterward, select either the “Keep my files” option and then proceed to the next on-screen instructions that follow to reset your Windows 10 computer without losing your files.

From the various report, it is now clear that no one is prone to Ransomware attacks. Cyber-criminals never target any specific field of the user workgroup for this Ransomware attack. But in past few years, it has hugely affected home users, businesses, organizations. We can say, Ransomware victims come in all shapes & sizes. Many business owners think that they will never be attacked by Ransomware crooks because their business is not so big. But that’s not true. A huge proportion of Ransomware attacks happened in small sector businesses because of their weak security resistances.

Some leading negative consequences of Ransomware attacks faced by almost every victim are:

1. Permanent or temporary loss of proprietary or sensitive information.
2. Lots of trouble in performing regular operations.
3. Huge financial losses sustain for restoring up your files and systems.
4. Latent harm to the reputation of an organization.
5. Even making the Ransom payment doesn’t guarantee the safe releasing of your encrypted files.
6. Attackers get the victim’s money along with their banking details.
7. Getting the decrypting files doesn’t mean malware infection has completely been removed.

Ransomware put a tremendous impact on disturbing business operations and in the end, leads to data loss situations.

Here are some huge impacts of Ransomware attacks on business are:

1. Damage or loss of all the crucial information
2. In the Ransomware post-attack period Business disrupts a lot.
3. Destruction of hostage data, file, and system.
4. Business downtime
5. Victimized company’s reputation dropdown
6. Productivity loss

Apart from the ransom, the cost of downtime because of restricted system access will bring major concerns. It’s a fact that due to downtime victims may has to pay a cost of ten thousand dollars daily. As, Ransomware is becoming more and more widespread, so all companies require to brush up on their annual cyber-security goals. Moreover, approach for some appropriate implementations of Ransomware recovery plans and commit sufficient funds in their IT budgets for cyber-security resources. Among the most effective impact of Ransomware, “data encryption” is very hard to deal with. Meanwhile, this victim is completely restricted to access any of their encrypted data. The only way for unlocking these encrypted files is through the decryption key which only belongs to hackers. Many times, the decryption key is given to the organization, after the payment of the ransom. But there are also some cases when data is not handover to the victim, even after the ransom payment. The main risk that generates with “operational impact of Ransomware” is on the businesses. Can you just imagine, what will happen if all of a sudden entire services or processes of your business halt down?

Well, this dreadful Ransomware threat is so impactful that it can:

1. Close down the entire plant
2. Freeze manufacturing control system
3. Make other backlogs

All the damages that occur due to downtime can be a major one and can have so many consequences. A well-organized strategy of backup and recovery will not certainly make the Ransomware attack painless. As this takes an extensive amount of money and time for data restoration.

Apart from that, the decision of recovering your system using the backup moreover depends on three things:

1. First the amount of data loss that is considered acceptable by your business or organization.
2. Up to how extent, the impact of Ransomware has spread
3. How fast the Ransomware attack was spotted.

However, in many cases, data gets so encrypted that you can’t revert back to the restore point. At that time external backup is considered the best option. Among the wide-reaching impact of Ransomware “Data loss” is the most effective one.  As it starts from little disruption and leads to permanent business failure. Sometimes data loss in a Ransomware attack leads to disclosure of all your confidential information which ends up in fines and lawsuits. Attackers always look for backup files and folders after encrypting your system data. So that user can’t retrieve their corrupted file from the backup. Such dreadful activities make this Ransomware threat so profitable and effective. Victims don’t have any choice left either they have to pay the ransom or they have to face their risk of data loss.