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As you know, storage devices are an important part of the computer system for porting, saving, and extracting data files. And for you to differentiate between storage devices on your computer system, each one of the storage devices is labeled with a unique number referred to as Disk Signature for identification. The unique disk identifier is stored as a part of the MBR or Master Boot Record. Disk signature is used by operating systems in order to identify and set apart different data storage devices and hard disk drives in the computer for data access. These days, Disk cloning has become a regular practice in upgrading to larger hard disk drives. Drives are cloned in order to produce a similar copy to use both the original drive and cloned copy together. Moreover, lots of virtualization tools are being used to virtualize the physical hard disk drives to create virtual hard disk drives and several virtual machine clones that are created with the existing virtual hard disk drives. And since these are identical copies, chances these copies may have identical disk signatures. As a result, when you use both disks that have identical signatures at the same time you run into the Disk Signature Collision problem. This kind of problem does not often occur as the Windows system does not really allow two disks to function simultaneously when they have the same disk signature. When you encounter a Disk Collision problem in your Windows 10 computer, you may see the following error messages:

• The boot selection failed because a required device is inaccessible
• The disk is offline because it has a signature collision
• This disk is offline because it has a signature collision with another disk that is online

You can fix the disk collision problem by changing the disk signature which you can achieve using the command line utility diskpart in Windows PowerShell or Command Prompt or using Windows Disk Management utility. To fix the disk collision problem, you can make use of the command-line utility called diskpart in Windows PowerShell or Command Prompt to view and change the signature, or can make use of Master Boot record in the Windows Registry. You can also make use of Windows Disk Management Utility to change the signature. Simply follow the given options below to change the disk signature either way.

Option 1 – Change Disk Signature via Diskpart

• Type “command prompt” in the Windows Search bar and then right-click on the related search result and select the “Run as administrator” option.
• After that, type the “diskpart” command and hit Enter to open Diskpart.
• Next, type the “list disk” command to display all the disks available in the system.
• Next, take note of the problematic disk number with the status Offline from the list and then type the “Select disk x” command where x is the offline disk to select the offline disk. For instance, if you type “select disk 1”, it will display the “Disk 1 is now the selected disk” message.
• Now type the “Uniqueid disk” command to display the disk signature and to change the disk’s signature and set the disk online, type the “unique disk ID= (New signature)” where (New signature) is the new ID in hexadecimal. For instance, you can set the new id as “unique disk ID= 1456ACBD”.

Note: If you have given the wrong format ID, the command prompt will display the following error:

“The specified identifier is not in the correct format. Type the identifier in the correct format: in hexadecimal form for an MBR disk or as a GUID for a GPT disk.”

• After you’re done, the disk will be online, and then restart your computer.

Option 2 – Change Disk Signature via Disk Management Utility

• Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and then type “diskmgmt.msc” and hit Enter or click OK to open Disk Management.
• Next, right-click on the disk that is marked as Missing or Offline.
• After that, select the Online command from the drop-down menu.
• Then from the selecting option Online, Windows will generate a new disk signature.

A slow PC startup can be pretty annoying. This usually results from various computer issues. If your computer is acting sluggishly, here are four ways to speed up your PC startup.

There are times when an IT admin has to set up multiple IP addresses to the same network adapter. Setting up multiple IP addresses in scenarios like hosting various SSL sites, speed up traffic exchanges can help in avoiding being blacklisted in the SPAM filters, and so on. So in this post, you will be guided on how exactly you can assign multiple IP addresses to the network adapter in your Windows 10 computer. There are several ways to assign multiple IP addresses in a network adapter. You can do it using the Network Adapter settings or using the Netsh utility, as well as the Windows PowerShell utility. To get started, refer to each one of the options provided below.

Option 1 – Assign multiple IP addresses via Network Adapter settings

• Go to Settings first and from there, select Network & Internet, and then click on the Change adapter options. This will show you a list of both the physical and virtual network adapters in your computer.
• Next, double click on the Ethernet adapter where you want to assign the multiple IP addresses and then click on the Properties button.
• After that, you should see the Ethernet properties where you have to select the “TCP/IPv4” or “TCP/IPv6”.
• Once done, click on the Properties button and then select the “Use the following IP address” option under the General tab.
• Now you have to add an IP address, subnet, and default gateway to the network adapter and then click on the Advanced button.
• This will open the Advanced TCP/IP settings where you have to click on the Add button so you can add an IP address. From here, you can keep adding multiple IP addresses to the network adapter. You also have the option to add multiple gateways or DNS IP addresses.
• Once done, if you execute the “ipconfig” command, you should see all the secondary IP addresses listed.

Option 2 – Assign multiple IP addresses using the Netsh command

Another way to assign multiple IP addresses to your network adapter is via the Netsh command.

• In the Start Search, type “command prompt” and from the search results that appear, right-click on Command Prompt and then select the “Run as administrator” to open it with admin privileges.
• If a User Account Control or UAC prompt pops up, just click on Yes.
• After that, run this command: Netsh int ipv4 add address name="Local Area Connection" 192.168.100.100 255.255.255.0 SkipAsSource=True

Note: You have the option to set “SkepAsSource” since it depends on your needs using the Netsh command. When it is configured as true, the IP address won’t be used by the OS for outbound connections.

Option 3 – Assign multiple IP addresses via Windows PowerShell

• Tap the Win + X key combination and click on the “Windows PowerShell (Admin)” option.
• After opening Windows PowerShell as admin, use the NetIPAddress command so you can add more IP addresses. Execute this command: Get-NetIPAddress | ft IPAddress, InterfaceAlias, SkipAsSource
• Next, assign an IP address to a network adapter by executing this command: New-NetIPAddress –IPAddress 192.168.100.100 –PrefixLength 24 –InterfaceAlias “vEthernet” –SkipAsSource $True
• Now to modify the “SkipAsSource” parameter, use this command: Get-NetIPAddress 192.168.100.100 | Set-NetIPAddress -SkipAsSource $False

RSAT or Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 10 is a collection of programs for IT experts. It helps in managing Servers from a Windows 10 PC and starting with the Windows 10 v1809 or the October 2018 update, users have to install the Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 10 as Features on Demand or as Optional Features. The program includes the Microsoft Management Console or MMC snap-ins, Server Manager, consoles, Windows PowerShell cmdlets, and providers as well as command-line tools for managing roles and features that run on the Windows Server. So if you have updated your Windows 10 pc to v1809 or later then the RSAT tool has to be installed as a set of Features on Demand right from Windows 10. You can install RSAT Tools on Windows 10 Enterprise or Windows 10 Professional and once you install it, make sure that you do not install RSAT tools from the Microsoft Download page directly. Step 1: Open Settings and then go to Apps > Apps & Features. Step 2: Next, click on Manage Optional Features. Step 3: After that, click on Add a Feature which will load all the optional features one can install. Step 4: Now scroll to find the listing of all 18 RSAT tools and depending on what you need, click and install them. Step 5: Then go back to where you should see the progress of the installation. Click on the Manage Optional Features page to check the status. Note: If you are well-versed with the command line or automation, you can also install Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 10 via DISM /add-capability. And when you install anything via Features on Demand, they stay across Windows 10 version upgrades. On the other hand, if you feel that you don’t need a particular RSAT feature, you have the option to uninstall it using the Manage Option Features. However, bear in mind that some tools depend on one another which means that if you uninstall anything that has a dependency, it will only fail that’s why you need to be careful.

To uninstall an RSAT feature, here’s what you have to do:

Step 1: Go to Settings > Apps > Manage Optional Features. Step 2: After that, look for the list of installed feature that appears before this. Step 3: Now select the feature you want to uninstall and go back. If you have some system-related issues that need to get fixed, there is a one-click solution known as [product-name] you could check out to resolve them. This program is a useful and efficient tool that could repair corrupted registries and optimize your PC’s overall performance. Aside from that, it also cleans out your computer for any junk or corrupted files that help you eliminate any unwanted files from your system. This is basically a solution that’s within your grasp with just a click. It’s easy to use as it is user-friendly. For the complete set of instructions in downloading and using it, refer to the steps below.

One of the useful things you can use on your laptop is touchpads. They help users in achieving tasks through the gestures and multi-finger tap or touch support it brings in the scope for various shortcuts. However, not all times touchpad brings productivity as it can also encounter some issue every now and then. One of these issues has been reported on a couple of Lenovo laptops that use touchpad drivers from the Alps Pointing Device. According to the reports, an error saying, “Set user settings to driver failed” when they use the touchpad. This type of error on the touchpad usually occurs when a computer boots up and it could be caused by a faulty update on the Alps pointing device driver which is being installed in the background. To fix this error on the touchpad, you could try to disable the Alps pointing device entry from the MSConfig or you could try to get the latest version of the driver or uninstall the driver altogether. Before you proceed with the troubleshooting tips given below, make sure that you create a System Restore point first. Once you have that covered, proceed to the following options.

Option 1 – Try disabling the entry of the Alps pointing device from MSConfig

This first given option was able to fix the problem for many users so to get started, follow these steps:

• In the Start Search box, type “MSConfig” and select System Configuration from the search results.
• Next, go to the Services tab and look for the Alps pointing device entry from the list that appears, and uncheck it.
• Then click the Apply and OK buttons to save the changes made.
• Now restart your computer and see if the error in the touchpad is now fixed.

Option 2 – Try to download and install the latest version of the driver

The next option you can check out to fix the error is to download and install the latest version of the driver from the official website of Lenovo support. Note that an updated version of the touchpad driver will most likely get rid of the error. However, you have to make sure that the version you’re going to get is compatible with your existing Windows version.

Option 3 – Try to uninstall the Alps Pointing device driver

If the first two given options didn’t work, you can try uninstalling the Alps Pointing-device driver instead. You can do this under the Mice and other pointing devices section. After you uninstall the driver, restart your computer and delete the driver’s leftover folder inside this location in File Explorer (C:/Program Files). Once you’re done, restart your computer and check if the error is now gone. Keep in mind that after you’ve uninstalled the driver, any extra configuration features that Lenovo drivers offered before the uninstallation will no longer be available.

Where all have been there, we are downloading something and for any kind of reason chrome closes, internet breaks, etc. And our download is interrupted and gone forever, and we need to start again. You will be glad to hear that chrome has side a download manager which tracks each download you made and you can use this manager to resume interrupted downloads. Please note that some websites have certain scripts that will prevent you to resume interrupted downloads, in this case, using chrome's download manager will not work and you will have to start the download again. All of this being said, if your download has been interrupted, and went away, pin Chrome press CTRL + J to open download manager, find your interrupted download, and press the resume button. That's it, you have successfully resumed your download.

The speed at which the CPU runs varies depending on any Windows laptop or desktop. And in case you don’t know, the CPU does not run at full speed all the time as it depends on how the operating system distributes the load so it works accordingly. However, there are instances when it runs at full speed especially if your Windows 10 computer is on a heavy workload. But if you find that even when your computer is already on a heavy workload and the CPU is still not running at full speed, then you need to look into this situation. To verify that your CPU’s speed, you can use any CPU stress test tool. This kind of issue is common on laptops compared to desktop computers since laptop runs on battery. The Intel Processor on laptops uses the Speed Stepping Technology which means that when you are doing some small tasks on your laptop, the processor’s speed is reduced. On the other hand, if this happens when you are using a heavy application, it can be due to a low charge on the laptop’s battery. Thus, Windows will try its best to keep the computer running for as long as possible by reducing the CPU speed or processor. But there are times when you are ready to sacrifice battery to make sure that the work gets done on time. To achieve that, here are some options you can check out.

Option 1 – Try setting the processor state to the maximum in Power Options

• Type “control” in the search box to view the classic Control Panel as well as the popular options.
• Next, click on Power Options > Change plan settings > Change advanced power settings.
• Then navigate to Processor power management > Maximum processor state.
• Now select 100% when it is on Battery and Plugged in.
• After that, expand the System cooling policy option and make sure to set it as Active to make sure that the battery won’t overheat.
• Finally, apply the changes made to all the profiles of the power management and restart your computer. This will ensure that your CPU will run at maximum power at all times.

Option 2 – Try to update or disable the Intel Power Management driver

The next option you can try is to update or disable the Intel Power Management driver. The Intel-powered computers have dedicated software that controls CPU speed and Fan speed when it needs to save battery. You can try disabling it temporarily and check if there are any changes with the CPU fan speed.

• First, restart your computer by holding the Shift key to boot your computer into Troubleshooting or Advanced mode.
• Next, go to Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > Command Prompt.
• Then change the directory to C:/Windows/System32/driver and then rename the file named “Intelppm” by entering the “ren intelppm.sys intelppm.sys.bak”.
• Now restart your computer.

Note: If you were not able to find the drivers in C:/Windows/System32/driver, check if they are available under C:/Drivers/IntelPPM. After that, the CPU speed should change now with the Intel driver missing from the system. And in case you want to enable it, simply follow the same steps given above and rename the file again.

Option 3 – Try disabling the IPPM using the Command Line or Registry Editor

• Command Prompt:
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and type “cmd” and tap Enter to open Command Prompt.
  • Next, type this command and hit Enter: sc config intelppm start= disabled
  • The “sc config” command you entered modifies the value of a service’s entries in the registry as well as in the Service Control Manager database.
• Registry Editor:
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and type “Regedit” in the field and hit Enter to open the Registry Editor.
  • Next, navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesintelppm.
  • From there, double click on the intelppm and change the Start key value to
  • Now close the Registry Editor and reboot your computer.

Note: The steps given will make sure that the CPU will run at maximum power at all times.

One of the preferred ways to upgrade Windows 10 is by creating a bootable USB drive. However, you might change your mind when you encounter an error during the Windows 10 Setup that says, “We can’t find a USB flash drive”. Worry not for this error can be fixed using some suggestions that will be provided in this post. The funning thing about this error in Windows setup is that the computer says it’s not there when it’s clearly there. To fix this problem, you need to check if the USB device is accessible on your computer or you can also try a different USB device. In addition, you could check if there are any issues with both the USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 ports as it could be the reason why you’re getting the error or fix the bad sectors in the USB drive as well as see if the USB drive is set as the primary drive.

Option 1 – Try to check if the USB is accessible on your PC

The first thing you can do to resolve the problem is to check if you can access your USB device from your computer. All you have to do is open File Explorer and check if the USB device is listed there or not.

Option 2 – Try to connect a different USB device

The next thing you can do to fix the error is to try connecting a different USB device, specifically the one that has more significant storage space. You also have to make sure that it’s working on a different PC.

Option 3 – Fix any issues with the USB 3.0 and 2.0 ports

Although the USB 3.0 ports are compatible with the USB 2.0 ports, it does not necessarily mean that there wouldn’t be any problem when you use them which is why it’s best to fix any issues in them or better yet, use a compatible drive.

Option 4 – Try to fix the bad sectors in the USB drive via CHKDSK

When it comes to some issues concerning the hard drive or removable devices, there is a utility in Windows that might help which is called “chkdsk”. To use it, follow the steps below.

• Tap the Win + S keys to open the Search box.
• Then type “command prompt” in the field and from the search results that appear, right-click on Command Prompt and select “Run as administrator”.
• After opening an elevated command prompt, copy and paste the following command and hit Enter:

CHKDSK [volume [[path] filename]] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/C] [: size]]

Note: In the command given above, “[/F]” will try to fix the system errors while “[/R]” will be the one to fix the bad sectors.

• Now if you are prompted to run CHKDSK after your reboot your PC, just tap Y and reboot your PC.
• If CHKDSK is not able to find any errors, tap the Win + E keys and navigate the access window. From there, right-click on the concerned drive and click on Properties.
• After opening Properties, click on the tab Tools and then click on the “Check” button under the Error-checking section.
• Wait until the process is completed and then restart your computer.

Option 5 – Try checking if the USB is set as the primary drive

You might also want to check if the USB drive is set as the primary drive because if it is, then it won’t appear on the list. It could also be that the USB drive has a primary disk in it. To undo it, you need to use the DISKPART utility.

• In the Start Search, type “command prompt” and right-click on Command Prompt from the search results, and then select the “Run as administrator” option.
• Next, execute the “diskpart” command to initiate the DISKPART utility.
• After that, type the “list disk” command and tap Enter to display the list of disks on the computer. You have to take note of the drive number or letter of the concerned USB drive.
• Once done, type the “select disk <X>” command where X is the drive letter or number and tap Enter.
• Then execute the “list partition” command to see the list of all the partitions in your computer. It should be listed as 0, 1, or 2. 0 is the primary partition.
• Now type the “select partition 0” command and tap Enter and then type “delete partition” to delete the selected partition.
• You can do the same to the other partitions as well and when you’re done, execute the format command to turn the USB drive into a standard one.

The number of Hertz is the number of how many images your screen draws in one second. So monitor with a refresh rate of 60Hz will draw 60 images each second on your screen. To most users, this will look fine and enough but actually, if you would place them in front of a 120Hz screen difference will be visible right away.

Benefits of higher refresh rates

In most simple words just looking at a screen that has a higher refresh rate will produce a more natural feel of things, although some people would argue that flickering can not be seen on 60Hz monitors and that should be enough, I would argue that they never watched the movie, played the game or used high refresh rate screen when they can state something like that.

Yes, 60Hz might be enough to look at the web page or read some documents but long exposure to 60Hz can have a tiring effect on the eyes in the long run. 120Hz and above just feel more relaxed and it is far less demanding on the eyes. Watching movies also is much better on a higher refresh screen, with way much less motion blur in fast scenes giving the overall experience a greater natural feel.

Gaming is perhaps an area where a refresh rate of 120Hz and above will show its best. Having a higher refresh rate will be easier on your eyes and can even give you a competitive edge. When for example you have twice more images per second on your screen than your opponent his movement will be more fluid and predictable because of that and overall precision will be much higher when moving the cursor in the game since more frames per second means more precision and smoother movement.

The dark side of high refresh rates

After all the positive things that were said about the advantages of high refresh rates, it is just fair to look at some negatives or in this case only negative one and that is Computer power. As said in the previous section having a 120Hz refresh rate means having 120 frames displayed on the screen per single second. Having even higher monitors like 360Hz means even more frames per second and in order to actually see all of that frames you will need to have enough computer power to back it up. Having for example screen with a refresh rate of 240Hz means nothing if your GPU and rest of the computer are able only to push 150 frames per second, in this case, you will still have 150 frames in one second despite the monitor being able to go to 240.

Conclusion

Generally and with all of my heart I would recommend moving away from 60Hz monitors, yes they are cheaper and more affordable but at the end of the day if you are someone like me who spends most of his daily time in front of the computer you would be grateful to have higher refresh rate screen and save your eyes, and after all, why not enjoy some smoother and better movie and game experience as well as saving your eyesight.

Microsoft's anniversary update has come with many new features and improvements. One of these features is that Microsoft's Cortana can now be installed on your Android phone and as long as you are logged in to your Microsoft account on different devices, she can pass information between devices. You can not see battery life on your desktop PC, notifications, etc. There are some prerequisites in order to get this going, first is to have a Windows version 1607 or newer. The second is to have the last Android version

Installing Cortana on Android

1. Download and install the Cortana app from the Google Play store.
2. Open the app and accept the license terms.
3. Enter the credentials for the Microsoft account you use to sign in to your PC.
4. After a few seconds, Cortana will open.
5. Click the settings button and select Sync Notifications.
6. By default, missed calls, incoming messages, and low battery notifications will be turned on. You can turn this on\off from here. The only option off by default is for App notifications. Any non-system apps such as Facebook and Instagram can also send alerts to your Windows box. You can choose to enable the App notification sync option or leave it off.
7. If you enable “App notification sync,” you will need to give Cortana permissions to read and control notifications on your phone.
8. You can then select exactly which applications will be synched to your PC.
9. Once done you can exit out of Cortana.

Configuring Cortana on PC

1. Click the Windows button and type Cortana. Click the icon for Cortana and Search Settings.
2. Scroll through the settings list and look for Send notifications between devices
3. Click the switch to turn it on.
4. Sign in to the same Microsoft account you used in the previous section
5. Navigate back to the Cortana & Search settings tool.
6. Click Edit Sync Settings. Make sure that your phone shows up on the list. You can also determine if you want PC notifications are sent to your phone.

With those settings in place, you should now start getting alerts for the items you enabled in your Action Center. As notices come in, you will see them pop up in a small bubble on the lower right of your screen. You can dismiss the notification or use the link to find a compatible app in the Windows store.