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Folder shortcuts in Windows 11 on Start menu

Special folders like music, pictures, download, videos, etc, can be placed as shortcuts in the start menu inside Windows 11 for easy access.

Shortcuts will appear in the start menu on the bottom as simple glyphs. They are not present in the start menu by default so it needs to be turned ON first.

Folder shortcutsIf you want to place these icons in your Star menu follow this step-by-step guide and you will have them in no time.

  1. Open Windows settings
  2. In settings go to Personalization > Start
  3. In Start click on Folders
  4. On the given list of Settings, File Explorer, Documents, Downloads, Music, Pictures, Videos, Network, and Personal folder click on the switch beside them if you want them as shortcuts in the Start menu. You can choose whichever you want.
  5. Close settings

You can revisit the settings menu to add more icons or remove some of them later if you wish so.

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Fix Windows Update Error 0x80071a91
Windows Update Error 0x80071a91, what it is? As you know, Windows Updates are very essential to the operating system since they push with them the important security updates that are crucial to the system. And if a Windows Update is delayed, it can the system vulnerable to potential threats. Thus, this kind of issue must be resolved right away. One of the errors that you can encounter while updating your computer is the Windows Update Error 0x80071a91. The error code 0x80071a91 occurs when the “Transaction support within the specified file system resource manager is not started or was shut down due to an error”. This happens when a service called “File System Resource Manager” or FSRM does not function due to some reason. To fix the Windows Update Error 0x80071a91, here are some suggestions that could help.

Option 1 – Run the Windows Update Troubleshooter

Running the built-in Windows Update troubleshooter could also help you resolve the Windows Update Error 0x80071a91. To run it, go to Settings and then select Troubleshoot from the options. From there, click on Windows Update and then click the “Run the troubleshooter” button. After that, follow the next on-screen instructions and you should be good to go.

Option 2 – Disable the antivirus program temporarily

There are times when the antivirus program installed in your computer blocks file access and even disk access. Thus, disabling the antivirus program or any security software installed in your computer is always a good idea you can try when the Windows Update process does not go smoothly. So before you try updating your computer again, make sure to disable the antivirus or security program and once the Windows Update is done, don’t forget to enable the antivirus program back again.

Option 3 – Try resetting the File System Resource Manager

As pointed out earlier, the error 0x80071a91 pops up when the FSRM service suddenly stops working and so resetting this service via Command Prompt might resolve the problem. To do so, follow the steps below.
  • In the Windows Search box, type “command prompt” and hit Enter.
  • Then right-click on Command Prompt from the related search results and click the “Run as administrator” option.
  • After opening Command Prompt as admin, type the following command and hit Enter:
resource setautoreset true C:
  • After that, exit Command Prompt and restart your computer and then check if the problem’s fixed by running Windows Update again.

Option 4 – Flush the contents of the SoftwareDistribution folder

You have to stop a couple of services such as BITS, Cryptographic, MSI Installer, and Windows Update Services. And to do that, you need to flush the contents in the SoftwareDistribution folder. The Software Distribution folder in the Windows operating system is a folder that can be found in the Windows directory and is used to store files temporarily which might be required to install the Windows Update on your PC. Thus, it is required by the Windows Update and maintained by WUAgent. Aside from that, it also contains all the Windows Update History files and once you delete them, you will most likely lose the Update history. As a result, the next time you run the Windows Update, it may result in a longer detection time.
  • Open the WinX Menu.
  • From there, open Command Prompt as admin.
  • Then type in the following command – don’t forget to hit Enter right after typing each one of them.
net stop wuauserv net start cryptSvc net start bits net start msiserver
  • After entering these commands, it will stop the Windows Update Service, Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS), Cryptographic, and the MSI Installer
  • Next, go to the C:/Windows/SoftwareDistribution folder and get rid of all the folders and files thereby tapping the Ctrl + A keys to select them all and then click on Delete. Note that if the files are in use, you won’t be able to delete them.
  • Once all the contents in the Software Distribution folder are deleted, restart your PC and then go back to Command Prompt and input the following commands again.
net start wuauserv net start bits

Option 5 – Delete the Common Log File System transaction logs

You might also want to delete the Common Log File System or CLFS transaction logs to fix the Windows Update Error 0x80071a91.
  • Open an elevated Command Prompt.
  • Then type each of the commands listed below and press Enter after you type each one of them.
    • cd /d %SystemRoot%System32SMIStoreMachine
    • attrib -s -h *
    • del *.blf
    • del *.regtrans-ms
  • After you’ve executed the commands given above, restart your computer and try to update Windows 10 again.
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How to Turn off Advertising ID in Windows
In case you don’t know, Microsoft hooks up every machine that is running Windows 10 with an Advertising ID which helps them in providing Windows 10 users with relevant ads. These ads are delivered to users in the Action Center, Start Menu as well as the ads inside the UWP Applications. What makes these advertisements relevant is that they keep track of your browsing trends, likes and dislikes, with the help of the Advertising ID. However, if you are not fond of advertisements and you do not want this feature of Microsoft to track your usage, worry not for you actually have the option to disable targeted ads on your Windows 10 computer by turning off the Advertising ID. And you can do that during Windows 10 Setup or using the Group Policy Editor. For more details, refer to the instructions provided below for each one of the methods.

Option 1 – Turn off Advertising ID during Windows 10 setup

If you are about to install Windows 10, then during the installation process, your computer boots into the Install and Configure Windows 10 screen with Cortana that assist you during the setup. Once you reach the last page which is “Choose privacy settings for your device”, you will see the Advertising ID of your computer. Under the Advertising ID, you have to disable or toggle off the “Apps can use advertising ID to provide more personalized advertising in accordance with the privacy policy of the app provider” option. After you disable it, click on the Accept button to proceed with the installation. After that, the copy of your Windows 10 you are using will have the Advertising ID disabled by default.

Option 2 – Turn off Advertising ID via Group Policy Editor

  • First, tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run utility.
  • Then, type “gpedit.msc” in the field and click OK or tap Enter to open the Group Policy Editor.
  • Next, navigate to this group policy setting: Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > System > User Profiles
  • Now double click on the “Turn off the advertising ID” option and set the radio button to Enabled. Once you do, you will see the following description on your screen:
“This policy setting turns off the advertising ID, preventing apps from using the ID for experiences across apps. If you enable this policy setting, the advertising ID is turned off. Apps can’t use the ID for experiences across apps. If you disable or do not configure this policy setting, users can control whether apps can use the advertising ID for experiences across apps.” Note that setting the radio button to Enabled or Not Configured will turn off the data collection of the Advertising ID.
  • Finally, exit the Group Policy Editor and then restart your computer to apply the changes made successfully.
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How to Fix the Waol.exe Error

Waol.exe Error - What is it?

Waol.exe is an executable file located in a subfolder of "C:\Program Files" - usually C:\Program Files\America Online 9.0a. Waol.exe is not a core file but it is an important part of AOL (American Online) utilities. It ensures the AOL programs run smoothly on your system. The Waol.exe error occurs when the AOL program fails to execute and run properly. The error message is displayed in the following format:

“Waol.exe has encountered a problem and needs to close. We are sorry for the inconvenience.’

Solution

Restoro box imageError Causes

Waol.exe error typically occurs when this executable file gets infected by a virus, Trojan, adware, or spyware. When this happens the file location also changes. Therefore the best way to verify if your PC is under attack by malicious software is to check the Waol.exe file location on your PC. If the file is found in some other location instead of its correct disk location, then you must immediately fix this error before the damage sets it. Malicious software like viruses and spyware are notorious for slowing down PC performance and besides they give access to hackers to break into your system and manipulate your confidential and private data saved on your PC. This exposes you to serious privacy errors and data security dangers including identity thefts, cybercrime, and data breaches. Furthermore, viruses can also corrupt the computer’s registry and lead to system failure and crashes.

Further Information and Manual Repair

To resolve Waol.exe error many PC users seek an antivirus. Though this also helps resolve the issue but you should know that an antivirus has certain limitations. It is known to slow down the system speed and will only remove viruses from your PC. This means if the virus has affected the registry of your PC, it will not resolve that, and to repair your registry you may then have to download a registry cleaner separately on your system thereby reducing the PC speed even more. To ensure all kinds of malware are removed and registry issues resolved along with system speed optimization, it is recommended to download Restoro. This is an advanced, innovative, and multi-functional PC repair tool deployed with a variety of powerful utilities. These include a registry cleaner and a system optimizer. It is safe, efficient, user-friendly, and compatible with all Windows versions including Vista, XP, Windows 7, 8, 8.1, and 10. The antivirus feature embedded inside this software detects scans and removes all malicious programs infecting your PC immediately. It resolves all your system’s privacy issues and makes sure that your system is inaccessible to hackers. Besides this, the registry cleaner removes files cluttering and damaging the registry and also restores it. With the help of the system stability detector, it detects errors causing PC slowdowns and resolves them too thereby boosting the speed of your PC dramatically. To resolve Waol.exe error right away, click here to download Restoro today.
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How to switch to Dark mode in Windows 11
Dark modeWindows 11 is coming soon, from its typical view and color scheme, Windows 11 will natively support dark mode. The dark mode is very popular in many applications today, some large companies like Adobe, Autodesk, and many more have already adopted a dark color scheme for their software so it is logical for others to follow and Microsoft is aboard for it. The dark mode itself has its benefits, for people who work on computer for longer period of time dark mode inside applications will throw less white and blue light on their eyes making workhours easier and pleasant on them. As a person who does indeed spend a lot of time in front of the screen, I would advise you to switch to dark mode regardless of the time that you spend with a computer, your eyes will be grateful.

Switching to Dark mode in Windows 11

  1. Open Windows 11 Settings by pressing ⊞ WINDOWS + I
  2. Click on Personalization on the left sidebar
  3. On the right side click on Color
  4. In color options click on the drop-down menu right next to Choose your color
  5. Select Dark
Your choice will be applied right away and you can safely close settings.
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How to Fix Error Code 43

Code 43 - What is it?

Code 43, Device Manager Error, is reported when Windows doesn’t recognize a hardware device such as the video card, USB, printer, or any other piece of external hardware attached to your PC.

The Device Manager stops the hardware if it reports some kind of unspecified problem. It is mostly displayed in the following format:

“Windows has stopped this device because it has reported problems. Code 43”

Solution

driverfix boxError Causes

Code 43 can be triggered due to several reasons. However, 95% of the times it is related to the device driver problems such as:

  • Missing Drivers
  • Corrupted Drivers
  • Outdated Drivers

Driver problems pop up when either new driver versions are available or drivers become damaged due to some underlying reasons like viral infections.

Other than driver problems, code 43 can also pop up when you install and remove the software. This can cause hardware conflict in the registry, altering driver communication.

Code 43 can hamper your ability to use your desired device smoothly.  Although Code 43 is not a fatal error code like Runtime and BSoD errors, it is still advisable to resolve it immediately to avoid inconvenience.

You can sometimes bypass error code 43 temporarily by a simple PC reboot but this will not fix the problem permanently. For a permanent fix, try the methods given below.

Further Information and Manual Repair

To help you repair code 43 permanently from your PC, below are some of the best, easy perform, and effective solutions. Simply follow the steps to get rid of code 43 from your PC.

Method 1 - Launch and Run the Troubleshoot Wizard

This is one way to find the exact nature of the problem that spurred error code 43 to pop up. To launch and run the Troubleshoot Wizard, here’s what you need to do:

  • Go to the start menu
  • Type Device Manager in the search bar and then press enter
  • Click on Device Manager to run it on your system
  • Now click on the ‘General Tab’
  • After that press Trouble Shoot to launch the Troubleshooting Wizard

The Wizard will diagnose the problem and provide you a solution to resolve it, all you have to do from there is to follow the Wizard’s instructions

Method 2 - Check the Hardware Documentation

If for some reason Method 1 doesn’t work,  another solution would be to check the hardware documentation for more information about diagnosing the problem.

Method 3 - Uninstall Faulty Drivers

If the underlying reason for code 43 is related to driver problems, then the best way to resolve it is to uninstall faulty drivers and then reinstall new drivers. One of the many ways to uninstall drivers is:

  • Click on the start button
  • Type ‘sysdm.cpl’ in the search box and then press enter to continue
  • In the System Properties dialog box open the Hardware tab
  • Click Device Manager and then double click Device Type
  • Now click on the problematic hardware device reporting code 43
  • After that go to the Driver tab and click Uninstall to uninstall that driver completely
  • Visit the manufacturer’s website and download the new driver version
  • Install it on your system by extracting the .ZIP file

Method 4 - Update Drivers Automatically

Identifying and updating new driver versions manually can be both frustrating and time-consuming especially if you are in a rush and no computer whiz.

Also, after you update the drivers, you need to keep checking them time and again to ensure they don’t become outdated. You need to update them every time new versions are available which can be stressful.

To avoid this hassle by repairing code 43 permanently, download DriverFIX. This is an innovative and user-friendly device driver software program exclusively designed to resolve all kinds of driver problems.

Whether code 43 occurs on your PC due to missing or outdated drivers, DriverFIX can resolve the problem easily.

The intelligent programming system embedded in this software enables it to detect problematic and outdated drivers in seconds.

It matches new and compatible versions and updates the drivers immediately, automatically, and on a regular basis in just a few clicks. This resolves code 43 and also ensures that all your drivers remain up to date.

DriverFIX is compatible with all Windows versions.

Click here to download DriverFIX to repair and resolve code 43 right away.

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Fix Err_Connection_Closed in Windows
If you suddenly encounter an error message that says, “This webpage is not available, Err_Connection_Closed” while browsing the internet or visiting a website and the website fails to load, then it means that there is some problem with your network connection. Similarly, you may also get other error messages like “Err_Network_Changed”, “Err_Connection_Reset” and “Err_Internet_Disconnected” errors in different browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Edge. The problem lies in your Windows 10 computer and your internet connection since this is a network issue. So before you troubleshoot the problem using the suggestions given below, you need to refresh your browser first or you could also tap Ctrl + F5 on your keyboard to hard reload the webpage. If you’re still getting the same error message, then proceed to the guide below.

Option 1 – Try removing the Proxy

Removing the Proxy might also help you in fixing the “This webpage is not available, Err_Connection_Closed” error. Here’s how you can do it:
  • Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
  • Then type “inetcpl.cpl” in the field and hit Enter to pull up the Internet Properties.
  • After that, go to the Connections tab and select the LAN settings.
  • From there. Uncheck the “Use a Proxy Server” option for your LAN and then make sure that the “Automatically detect settings” option is checked.
  • Now click the OK and the Apply buttons.
  • Restart your PC.
Note: If you are using a third-party proxy service, you have to disable it.

Option 2 – Try using Google Public DNS

If the first option didn’t resolve the issue, you can try to use the Public DNS by Google and see if it can help fix the problem. You have to modify the DNS settings in your system explicitly and use the DNS IP addresses.
  • The first thing you have to do is right-click on the network icon in the Taskbar and select Network and Sharing Center.
  • Next, click on the “Change Adapter Settings” option.
  • After that, search for the network connection that you are using to connect to the internet. Note that the option might be “Wireless Connection” or “Local Area Connection”.
  • Right-click on your network connection and click on Properties.
  • Then select the new window to choose the “Internet Protocol 4 (TCP/IPv4)” option.
  • After that, click on the Properties button and click the checkbox in the new window for the option “Use the following DNS server addresses”.
  • Type in “8.8.8.8” and “8.8.4.4” and click OK and exit.

Option 3 – Reset Winsock, TCP/IP & Flush DNS

Resetting Winsock, TCP/IP, and flushing DNS might help you resolve the Err_Connection_Closed error. To do so, follow these steps:
  • Right-click on the Start button and click on Command Prompt (administrator) so you can pull up an elevated Command Prompt.
  • After that, execute each one of the commands listed below. And after you typed in one after the other, you have to hit Enter.
  1. netsh winsock reset – type in this command to reset Winsock
  2. netsh int ip reset resettcpip.txt – type in this command to reset TCP/IP
  3. ipconfig /flushdns – type in this command to flush the DNS cache
  • Next, restart your PC and check if the problem’s fixed.

Option 4 – Disable both the Antivirus program and Firewall temporarily

There are times when antivirus programs and the firewall blocks a website that they consider to be malicious or even because of false-positive effects which is why you have to disable these programs temporarily as it might be the reason why you’re getting the “This webpage is not available, Err_Connection_Closed” error when trying to browse the internet.

Option 5 – Try to check the network cables and then restart your router

The most obvious thing you can do first is to try checking if the network cables connected to your computer or router are properly connected or not. If it turns out that some network cables are not connected properly, then it’s probably why you’re getting this error.

Option 6 –Try a Network Reset

When all else fails, you might have to consider resetting your entire network settings. Simply follow the steps below to do so.
  • Click on the Start button and then click on the gear-like icon for Settings to open it.
  • Next, select Network and Internet.
  • Then scroll down and look for “Network Reset” – click on it and then click on the Reset now button.
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An Easy Guide to Fixing Error D3dx9_43.dll on Your PC

D3dx9_43.dll Error - What is it?

D3dx9_43.dll is a type of Dynamic Link Library containing small programs. This file is associated with Microsoft DirectX software. It is used and utilized by most Windows-based games and DirectX advanced graphic programs. The error D3dx9_43.dll pops on your computer screen when there is some issue when running or loading Microsoft DirectX programs. This error is often displayed in any one of the following formats:
  • “D3dx9_43.DLL Not Found"
  • "D3dx9_43.dll not found. Reinstalling might help fix this."
  • "The file d3dx9_43.dll is missing"
  • "File d3dx9_43.dll not found"
The good news is that this error code is not fatal. This means it will not result in system crashes, failure, or data loss. But it may hamper your ability to access, run and load Windows-based games associated with DirectX therefore to avoid the inconvenience it is advisable to repair it immediately.

Solution

Restoro box imageError Causes

D3dx9_43.dll error code can occur due to several reasons. These include but are not limited to:
  • Missing or corrupt D3dx9_43.dll file
  • Outdated drivers
  • Corrupt registry
  • Viral infection

Further Information and Manual Repair

To fix the D3dx9_43.dll error on your PC, try the manual easy to do methods illustrated below. To perform these methods to repair the issue, you don’t need to be a technical whiz. These are simple methods and easy to perform.

Method 1 - Check Your Recycle Bin or Download D3dx9_43.dll File

If you just recently uninstalled a program from your PC, then there is a possibility that the D3dx9_43.dll file got accidentally deleted during the process. This happens because DLL is a shared file. The program you uninstalled might be running with the same file. In case of accidental deletion of the D3dx9_43.dll file, it is advisable to check your recycle bin to repair the issue. Simply go to the recycle bin and look for the deleted file; if you locate it simply reinstall. However, if you are unable to find it, then if you have access to an internet connection, simply download the D3dx9_43.dll file from a reliable DLL website.

Method 2 - Update Drivers

If the error code occurs due to outdated drivers, then it is recommended to update drivers on your system. For example, the D3dx9_43.dll file error indicates an outdated video card driver since this file is linked to video game software. Therefore, simply update the drivers for your video card. Drivers can be updated in Windows by using a driver update wizard from within Device Manager. The wizard will walk you through the entire driver update process, making the updating task a lot simple and hassle-free.

Method 3 - Install an Antivirus

In case of malware infection, it is advisable to install a powerful antivirus. Simply run it to scan your entire PC for viruses. Then remove them to resolve the issue.

Method 4 - Clean and Repair the Registry

D3dx9_43.dll error may also pop up due to registry corruption. This happens when the registry loads with unnecessary and obsolete files like cookies, junk files, internet history, and bad registry entries. These files take up all the space and damage the registry. It also results in DLL file corruption and disk fragmentation. To resolve this it is important to clean the registry and repair it. A quick way to perform registry clean-up is to download Restoro. This is an advanced PC Fixer embedded with a powerful registry cleaner. It scans for all registry-related errors instantly, removes them, cleans the registry, and repairs the damaged files. Click here to download Restoro on your PC and resolve error D3dx9_43.dll today!
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Bluetooth Headset in Windows gets disconnected
Many Windows 10 users use a Bluetooth headset as these kinds of Audio devices, as you know, lack wires since wires tend to get entangled and break which could get quite inconvenient. This is why using a wireless headphone is more preferable since it’s much simpler, however, using a wireless headphone also means it comes with a charging requirement and if it fails to charge, there is no music or audio or anything that you need a Bluetooth headphone for. However, wireless headphones are also susceptible to problems as you might encounter some problems when connecting your wireless headphone to your Windows 10 computer. One of these problems include when you try to get sound from the wireless device but nothing happened. This indicates that the Bluetooth headphone is disconnected in some way for some unknown reason even if you’ve already plugged it in. Thus, if you encounter this scenario, then there are several options you need to check out to fix the problem. To start troubleshooting the problem, here are the options you need to use as a reference.

Option 1 – Try turning off the device and turning it back on

The first thing you can do to resolve the problem is to turn off your wireless audio device and wait for a couple of seconds before you turn it back on. In most cases, this should fix the problem. In fact, you can also try to unpair and pair the Bluetooth audio device and see if it fixes the problem or not.

Option 2 – Try to set the headphone as the default device manually

There are times when you plug a headphone, it does not toggle the default audio device. Thus, to fix this issue, you have to set the default audio device to the headphones manually. To do that, follow these steps:
  • First, right-click on the volume icon located on the system tray.
  • Next, select the Open sound settings option to open the Sound section in the Windows 10 Settings app.
  • After that, go to the Output section and select Headphones for the “Choose your output device” option. This should fix the problem for you.

Option 3 – Try running the Bluetooth Troubleshooter

As you know, Windows 10 has various troubleshooters with user-friendly interfaces where you can utilize them to fix issues in your PC. And since you’re dealing with some Bluetooth problem, you have to run the built-in Bluetooth Troubleshooter. To do this, follow these steps:
  • Open the Windows 10 Settings.
  • Then go to Update & Security > Troubleshoot.
  • You should find the option for Bluetooth on your right-hand side – click on it then click on the “Run the troubleshooter” option.
  • Now follow the next screen options.

Option 4 – Try to update or reinstall the Bluetooth driver

The issue might have something to do with the Bluetooth drivers. It could be that it is outdated and needs to be updated or that you recently updated it and since then you have trouble in removing the Bluetooth devices and so to fix the issue, you can update, roll back or uninstall the Bluetooth drivers. How? Follow the steps below.
  • Tap the Win + X keys to open the Device Manager.
  • Next, look for the Bluetooth device and right-click on it.
  • Select the option “Update driver”.
  • After that, a new popup window will appear. In there, select the option, “Search automatically for updated driver software”.
Note: Checking the update may take a few minutes so you’ll have to wait until it finishes. If it is able to find an update, you must install it. And if you want to reinstall the Bluetooth driver, just select the “Uninstall driver” option and follow the next on-screen instructions that follow.
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10 Worst Computer Viruses in history
Computers viruses, worms, ransomware, etc. are kinds of malicious software that no user should take lightly. On several occasions, we have touched upon security steps that each user should take in order to protect its identity and data. Sadly sometimes even when all precautions are taken some malware can still slip through and wreak havoc. Today we are looking at some of the worst or the best, depending on your view that has indeed wreaked plenty of havoc.

viruses10 worst computer viruses in history

In the list of the 10 most famous computer viruses below, we show the costs, dates, reach, and other key facts. First a note about terms: we use the words “virus” and “worm” interchangeably because most readers search for them that way. But there’s a subtle difference that we explain after the list.

1. Mydoom – $38 billion

The worst computer virus outbreak in history, Mydoom caused estimated damage of $38 billion in 2004, but its inflation-adjusted cost is actually $52.2 billion. Also known as Novarg, this malware is technically a “worm,” spread by mass emailing. At one point, the Mydoom virus was responsible for 25% of all emails sent. Mydoom scraped addresses from infected machines, then sent copies of itself to those addresses. It also roped those infected machines into a web of computers called a botnet that performed distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. These attacks were intended to shut down a target website or server. Mydoom is still around today, generating 1% of all phishing emails. That’s no small feat considering the 3.4 billion phishing emails sent each day. By that figure, Mydoom has taken on a life of its own, infecting enough poorly-protected machines to send 1.2 billion copies of itself per year, 16 years after its creation. Though a $250,000 reward was offered, the developer of this dangerous computer worm was never caught. Wondering what makes the world’s most secure computers so safe? See the Tech@Work guide: Upgrade to the World's Most Secure and Manageable PC

2. Sobig – $30 billion

The 2003 Sobig computer virus is actually another worm. It is second only to the Mydoom virus in its scope. The $30 billion figure is a worldwide total, including Canada, the U.K., the U.S., mainland Europe, and Asia. Several versions of the worm were released in quick succession, named Sobig.A through Sobig.F, with Sobig.F being the most damaging. This cybercriminal program masqueraded as legitimate computer software attached to emails. It disrupted ticketing at Air Canada and interfered with countless other businesses. Despite its widespread damage, the creator of the successful bug was never caught.

3. Klez – $19.8 billion

Klez is a close third on the list of the worst computer viruses ever created. With nearly $20 billion in estimated damages, it infected about 7.2% of all computers in 2001, or 7 million PCs. The Klez worm sent fake emails, spoofed recognized senders and, among other things, attempted to deactivate other viruses. As with other viruses and worms, Klez was released in several variants. It infected files, copied itself, and spread throughout each victim’s network. It hung around for years, with each version more destructive than the last. Windows has come a long way since most of the computer viruses on this list hit the web. Thankfully, built-in protection with Microsoft Defender is always on the watch.

4. ILOVEYOU – $15 billion

The year 2000’s ILOVEYOU virus worked by sending a bogus “love letter” that looked like a harmless text file. Like Mydoom, this attacker sent copies of itself to every email address in the infected machine’s contact list. Shortly after its May 4 release, it had spread to more than 10 million PCs. The virus was created by a college student in the Philippines named Onel de Guzman. Lacking funds, he wrote the virus to steal passwords so he could log into online services he wanted to use for free. He reportedly had no idea how far his creation would spread. This virus is also known as Loveletter. Need to up your remote work security game before there’s another entry on the list of most deadly computer viruses? See our guide: How to Work Remotely and Securely

5. WannaCry – $4 billion

The 2017 WannaCry computer virus is ransomware, a virus that takes over your computer (or cloud files) and holds them hostage. The WannaCry ransomware ripped through computers in 150 countries, causing massive productivity losses as businesses, hospitals, and government organizations that didn’t pay were forced to rebuild systems from scratch. The malware raged like wildfire through 200,000 computers worldwide. It stopped when a 22-year-old security researcher in the U.K. found a way to turn it off. Computers with out-of-date operating systems were hit especially hard. That’s why security experts always recommend updating your systems frequently.

Ransomware strikes again

In September 2020, one of the potentially largest computer virus attacks in medical history hit Universal Health Services. The U.S. hospital chain, which has more than 400 locations, was reportedly struck by damaging ransomware. The attack forced the cancellation of surgeries and made healthcare workers switch to paper records.

6. Zeus – $3 billion

The Zeus computer virus is an online theft tool that hit the web in 2007. A whitepaper by Unisys three years later estimated that it was behind 44% of all banking malware attacks. By then, it had breached 88% of all Fortune 500 companies, 2,500 organizations total, and 76,000 computers in 196 countries. The Zeus botnet was a group of programs that worked together to take over machines for a remote “bot master.” It originated in Eastern Europe and was used to transfer money to secret bank accounts. More than 100 members of the crime ring behind the virus, mostly in the U.S., were arrested in 2010. It’s not as prominent today, but some of the virus’ source code lives on in newer botnet viruses and worms. Zeus caused documented damage of $100 million. But the real cost in terms of lost productivity, removal, and undocumented theft is undoubtedly much higher. A $3 billion estimate, adjusted for inflation, puts this virus at a cost of $3.7 billion in today’s dollars.

7. Code Red – $2.4 billion

First observed in 2001, the Code Red computer virus was yet another worm that penetrated 975,000 hosts. It displayed the words “Hacked by Chinese!” across infected web pages, and it ran entirely in each machine’s memory. In most cases it left no trace in hard drives or other storage. Financial costs are pegged at $2.4 billion. The virus attacked websites of infected computers and delivered a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack on the U.S. White House’s website, www.whitehouse.gov. In fact, the White House had to change its IP address to defend against Cod Red. Can your printer get a virus? See our cool infographic: The State of Printer Security

8. Slammer – $1.2 billion

The SQL Slammer worm cost an estimated $750 million across 200,000 computer users in 2003. This computer virus randomly selected IP addresses, exploiting vulnerabilities and sending itself on to other machines. It used these victim machines to launch a DDoS attack on several internet hosts, significantly slowing internet traffic. The Slammer worm hit banks in the U.S. and Canada especially hard, taking ATMs offline in many locations. Customers of Toronto’s Imperial Bank of Commerce found themselves unable to access funds. The attack reared its ugly head again in 2016, launching from IP addresses in Ukraine, China, and Mexico.

9. CryptoLocker – $665 million

Thankfully, ransomware attacks like the 2013 CryptoLocker virus have dipped since their 2017 peak. This malware attacked upwards of 250,000 machines by encrypting their files. It displayed a red ransom note informing users that “your important files encryption produced on this computer.” A payment window accompanied the note. The virus’ creators used a worm called the Gameover Zeus botnet to make and send copies of the CryptoLocker virus. According to a report by security firm Sophos, the average ransomware attack costs a business $133,000. If we estimate that CryptoLocker hit 5,000 companies, that would put its total cost at $665 million. Where will cybersecurity go next? See our guide: The Future of Cybersecurity

10. Sasser – $500 million

The Sasser worm was written by a 17-year-old German computer science student named Sven Jaschan. He was arrested at the age of 18 in 2004 after a $250,000 bounty was posted for the computer virus’ creator. A friend of Jaschan’s tipped authorities that the youth had penned not only the Sasser worm but also the damaging Netsky.AC attack. Jaschan was given a suspended sentence after it was found he was a minor when he wrote the malware. The Sasser worm crashed millions of PCs, and though some reports put damages at $18 billion, the relatively low infection rate suggests a more likely cost of $500 million. Other notable viruses The top 10 worst computer viruses above are just the ugly tip of a gargantuan digital iceberg. With a million new malware programs popping up every 3 years, we may miss the forest for a few outstanding trees. Here are just a few more viruses that have wreaked havoc over the years: Mimail: This worm tried to harvest data from infected machines to launch a string of DDoS attacks, but was relatively easy to remove. Yaha: Yet another worm with several variants, thought to be the result of a cyber-war between Pakistan and India. Swen: Written in C++, the Swen computer worm disguised itself to look like a 2003 OS update. Its financial cost has been pegged at $10.4 billion, but not reliably. Storm Worm: This worm showed up in 2007 and attacked millions of computers with an email about approaching bad weather. Tanatos/Bugbear: A 2002 keylogger virus that targeted financial institutions and spread to 150 countries. Sircam: A computer worm from 2001 that used counterfeit emails with the subject line, “I send you this file in order to have your advice.” Explorezip: This worm used fake emails to spread to every machine on thousands of local networks. Melissa: The most dangerous computer virus in 1999, Melissa sent copies of itself that looked like NSFW pics. The U.S. FBI estimated cleanup and repair costs at $80 million. Flashback: A Mac-only virus, Flashback infected over 600,000 Macs in 2012 and even infected Apple’s home base in Cupertino, Calif. In 2020, there’s now more malware on Macs than on PCs. Conficker: This 2009 virus still infects many legacy systems and could do significant damage if it ever activates. Stuxnet: This worm is reported to have destroyed Iranian nuclear centrifuges by sending damaging instructions.
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Copy and Paste feature is not working
One of the most basic and commonly used features in the Windows operating system is the copy and paste feature that helps users accomplish tasks in a faster and easier way. However, if you notice that it’s not working properly for some reason, then this post might be of help as it will provide you with options you can check out to resolve the problem. You can encounter this kind of problem with the copy and paste feature if some system files are corrupted or if there’s some third-party application or process that interferes with this function. Worry not though for there are some options you can check out to fix this. You can try to restart the rdpclip.exe process or the explorer.exe process. You could also try to reinstall the program where you encountered the issue with the Copy and Paste function. In addition, you could try clearing the clipboard history or run the built-in tools like the DISM tool and SFC scan. You could also troubleshoot the problem in a Clean Boot State or use the Refresh Windows tool. For more information, refer to each one of the options below.

Option 1 – Try to restart the rdpclip.exe and the explorer.exe processes

The first thing you can do to resolve the problem is to restart certain processes namely, the rdpclip.exe process and the explorer.exe process via Task Manager.
  • First, right-click on your Taskbar and select the Task Manager.
  • Next, look for the rdpclip.exe process and right-click on it, and select the End process option.
  • After that, click on the File tab > Run new task and then type “rdpclip.exe” and tap Enter.
  • This should help fix the problem. If not, you could also try to restart the explorer.exe process – just look for the explorer.exe process in the Task Manager and right-click on it, and then select the Restart option.

Option 2 – Try reinstalling the concerned program

If you only experience this issue on a particular program, you might want to uninstall this program and install it back again, and then see if it fixed the problem or not.

Option 3 – Try to clear the clipboard history

You could also try clearing the clipboard history as it has been known to help in fixing this kind of issue. You can clear the clipboard history using the command line.
  • Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run dialog box and type “cmd” in the field and hit Enter to open Command Prompt.
  • Next, execute this command: echo off | clip
  • After that, check if the Copy and Paste function is now working properly or not.

Option 4 – Try running the DISM tool

You can run the DISM tool as well to help fix the “Tile Database is corrupt” error. Using this built-in tool, you have various options such as the “/ScanHealth”, “/CheckHealth”, and “/RestoreHealth”.
  • Open the Command Prompt with admin privileges.
  • Then type in the following commands and make sure to hit Enter right after you type each one of them:
    • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
    • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
    • DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
  • Do not close the window if the process takes a while as it will probably take a few minutes to finish.
  • Once it’s done, check if it was able to fix the corrupted Start Menu or not.

Option 5 – Try to run System File Checker or SFC scan

  • Tap Win + R to launch Run.
  • Type in cmd in the field and tap Enter.
  • After opening Command Prompt, type in sfc /scannow and hit Enter.
  • Once done, restart your computer.

Option 6 – Restart your computer in a Clean Boot State

If a third party program like antivirus is the one that’s causing the problem, you can try to put your computer in a Clean Boot State to isolate the issue by following these steps:
  • Log onto your PC as an administrator.
  • Type in msconfig in the Start Search to open the System Configuration utility.
  • From there, go to the General tab and click “Selective startup”.
  • Clear the “Load Startup items” check box and make sure that the “Load System Services” and “Use Original boot configuration” options are checked.
  • Next, click the Services tab and select the “Hide All Microsoft Services” check box.
  • Click Disable all.
  • Click on Apply/OK and restart your PC. (This will put your PC into a Clean Boot State. And configure Windows to use the usual startup, just simply undo the changes.)
  • Now try to connect your device or copy the files to your external device again and check if the problem with the Copy and Paste function is fixed.
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