Fixing the No Audio Output Device is Installed

Error 451 - What is it?

This is a typical SMTP error code. SMTP is the abbreviation for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is an internet standard for email transmission. In other words, SMTP is a text-based protocol in which the sender communicates with the mail receiver by issuing commands and receiving a response code. The SMTP error 451 is displayed in the following format:

‘451 Requested action aborted: local error in processing’

This error message indicates that the program cannot send more messages and the server has hit the limit. This is because some mail servers have limits. The sever stops the task of sending and receiving emails when this limit is achieved.

Solution

Error Causes

The causes of error 451 include:

• Server limit reached
• Email rejection due to a remote anti-spam filter
• Request denied by the server
• Viral infection

If you heavily rely on email communication with your business partners and colleagues, then it is advisable to immediately resolve this issue without any delays. Though this error is not fatal, you should repair it right away to avoid inconvenience. SMTP error code 451 can hamper your ability to communicate via email.

Further Information and Manual Repair

Here are some of the best, easy, and effective DIY methods that you can try to repair error code 451 on your PC.

Method 1

To fix this error, simply follow these steps:

• login to Linux SSH
• Open the file /etc/localdomains
• Nano/etc/localdomains and then add the domain name that is triggering email sending error
• Now reboot your PC

This will hopefully resolve the issue. Nonetheless, if the error code still persists, then try other methods given below.

Method 2 - Configure List Settings to change the server limit.

This can be done by accessing the List Settings then Outgoing Mail Server (SMTP) and then the Limit Feature. By accessing the limit feature, you can easily adjust the program to any limit of your choice. Configure the limit and save changes. Reboot PC to activate the changes made.

Method 3 - Scan and Remove Viruses.

This error code can also be triggered due to viral infection. If this is the cause, then simply download an anti-virus on your PC. Scan the entire system and remove all detected malicious programs like Trojans, malware, adware, viruses, and spyware. This will repair the error 451 on your system.

Method 4

If the error still persists, then contact your SMTP provider to check the situation and resolve it. There is a possibility the error is generated from the SMTP provider’s end.

Microsoft sent an email to users on the Dev build channel saying that the company intends to push some builds that don’t represent what consumers will receive with Windows 11 when it officially releases. In other words, these are going to be some rather buggy builds that won’t be too enjoyable to use. The company recommends users switch from the Dev to the beta channel if they aren’t prepared to deal with the instability. We’ll have to wait and see just how buggy these builds are, but if Microsoft is actually sending out a warning about them it is very likely that builds will be plagued with issues and maybe even stability problems.

Back to Windows 10

How we can expect some buggy build of Windows 11 if you prefer a stable system over new features maybe best decision would be to switch back to Windows 10 until the new OS hits official release.

Switching from dev build channel to beta channel

Another solution, if you do not want to deal with too many issues, is to switch from Dev build channel to beta where things will be more stable. Follow the guide below in order to quickly switch to the beta channel. Following instructions only apply to Windows 11 installations that are linked up to the Windows Insider program, not clean installation of OS.

1. Press ⊞ WINDOWS + I to open settings
2. Inside settings click on Windows update
3. In Windows Update click on Windows Insider Program
4. Inside click on Choose your Insider Settings
5. Click on the button next to Beta Channel to select it (you can switch back to the Dev channel here if you change your mind)

The setting will be saved automatically and from now on you will only receive beta channel updates.

Microsoft’s initial Windows 11 hardware requirements were not really well received by users and they were not really clearly represented from the start making a lot of potential customers slowly drift away from the hype. It seems that Microsoft has acknowledged this since they have changed their tune about system hardware requirements for the upcoming Windows 11. It seems that Windows 11 will be able to be officially installed on unsupported computers but with a little inconvenience.

What is a catch?

Windows 11 will still have the same hardware requirements and if the PC meets them, that computer will be officially supported, other ones (any that can run Windows 10) that do not meet system requirements can still run Windows 11 but the system will have to be clean installed. So no upgrade option for old computer users, just a clean install. This means of course that you will need to download the ISO image and make a bootable USB in order to install it. Also since you will be doing a clean install do a backup of the hard drive since it will need to be formatted. Also, Microsoft has stated that with unofficially supported PC some driver updates might not be delivered leaving you with either older driver versions or relying on your hardware manufacturer on them. This is still not confirmed by Microsoft, just stated as an option. We will see how it goes.

Conclusion

It is very good that Microsoft has reconsidered its system requirements and will not stubbornly push its initiatives over the top requirements allowing even older computers to install new OS. I am sure over time lot of users will upgrade their hardware and drive into officially supported waters, but it is good that they will be able to use new OS on their current hardware.

Disk Write Error in Steam is thrown at you while you try to download or update the game in your library. If you are an unfortunate user of Steam that has encountered this error do not sweat, the error is usually tied to permission in windows or file corruption and not to hardware issues and can be easily resolved.

In this guide, we will go through solutions for this specific error and it is advisable to go through solutions as they are presented since they go from the easiest and most common issues.

Restart PC and Steam

The easiest and quickest way of resolving this issue is just a simple restart of the Steam client. Just completely quit Steam and they run it again, if this has not solved the issue try rebooting your PC. In most cases, this can solve the issue since this error is known to be introduced with some communication issues with OS (Windows)

Set Write permissions

Disk write permissions could also cause this error because if by any chance the Steam library folder has been set or changed to the read-only client would be unable to write anything in it. To easily solve this issue completely exit the Steam client and rerun it as administrator. Just right-click on it and select Run as Administrator. If this has solved your issue run Steam always as an administrator.

To run always as an administrator right click on the steam executable, go to properties, and inside properties go to the compatibility tab. In the compatibility tab check run as administrator and click on OK.

Clear download cache

If for any reason cache has become corrupted there is a big chance that this might be an issue why there is a disk drive error in Steam. To clear download, cache goes into your client, and on top drow down menu click on steam. Find and open settings and inside go to the downloads tab. Locate a clear download cache and immediately you will be prompted to restart Steam. After restart, you will be asked to login into steam and the issue with disk write should be gone.

Repair library folder

Library folder issues can also be the source of disk write annoyance so let's repair them. Click steam in the top left and go to the settings. Locate and click on Downloads and then go to Steam library folders. You will be here shown all disk drivers you are using for steam games and all of the games that are downloaded.

Select the game you are getting errors with and click on three dots on the far right. From the menu choose the repair folder option. Take note that the more games you have installed, the more time the repair process will need.

Change download server

Sometimes the issue is not at your end at all, servers can experience problems and outrages and this can directly reflect at your end with a disk write error. If any of the previous solutions have not resolved the issue this is the next logical step to try. If the server is facing issues then changing the download server will resolve the issue at your end.

Click on settings in the top drop-down menu and then click on the Steam library folder. Find the downloads page and then click on download region, Choose another server than one nearest to your location since that's what will Steam choose by default.

In their search for making Windows, a better operating system Microsoft has come up with an insider program that will collect telemetry and send it to Microsoft in order to provide enough information to make a better OS. Being in an insider program is per choice basis and it is not forced to anyone. This guide will cover how to turn off the insider program since its constant updates and telemetry can slow down the internet. So if you decided that you no longer want to be part of this program here is how to turn it off.

• Press ⊞ WINDOWS + R to open the run dialog
• Type in dialog gpedit.msc and press ENTER
• You will find yourself in the Local Group Policy Editor Window. Inside windows find: Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Component > Windows Update > Windows Update for Business
• Move to the right pane and double-click on the Manage Preview Builds option
• Inside the Manage Preview Builds window, check the Enabled radio button
• Go to the Options section, and using the drop-down menu, set the preferred release channel
• Select Apply and then OK

AnytimeAstrology is a browser extension for Google Chrome developed by Mindspark Inc. When installed, this extension will change your default new tab page to a custom search provider called MyWay (search.myway.com).

While browsing the internet with this extension installed, you will see additional ads through your browsing sessions, including but not limited to Sponsored Content, Injected Ads and Pop-up Ads.

While AnytimeAstrology is active it will monitor your browsing habits, recording website visits, clicked links, viewed products, etc. This information is later sent back to Mindspark Ad network servers where it is used to better target additional injected ads into your web pages.

Several anti-virus applications have marked this extension as a Browser Hijacker and it is recommended to remove it from your computer.

About Browser Hijackers

Browser hijackers (also known as hijackware) are a kind of malicious software that modifies web browser configuration settings without the computer owner’s knowledge or approval. These hijacks are raising at an alarming rate globally, and it can be actually nefarious and often harmful too. Browser hijackers could do more than just changing homepages. In most cases, hijackers are created for the benefit of online hackers usually through income generation that comes from forced ad clicks and site visits. While it might seem harmless, these tools are made by malicious people who always try to take advantage of you, so that they can earn money from your naive and distraction. Browser hijackers can also permit other vicious programs without your knowledge to further damage your computer.

Key symptoms that your browser has been hijacked

The following are some symptoms that indicate you’ve been hijacked: 1. your homepage has been reset to some unfamiliar site 2. your browser is constantly being redirected to porn sites 3. default internet search engine is modified 4. you find unwanted new toolbars added 5. you observe a lot of pop-up ads on your screen 6. your browser has become unstable or starts running slowly 7. you can’t visit certain websites such as homepages of antivirus software.

How browser hijacker finds its way to your computer

Browser hijackers could use drive-by downloads or file-sharing websites or perhaps an e-mail attachment in order to reach a targeted computer. They could also come from add-on software, also referred to as browser helper objects (BHO), web browser extensions or toolbars. Browser hijackers sneak into your computer along with free software downloads that you unwittingly install along with the original. An example of some well known browser hijacker includes Conduit, Anyprotect, Babylon, SweetPage, DefaultTab, RocketTab, and Delta Search, but the names are constantly changing. The existence of any browser hijacker on your computer might considerably diminish the web browsing experience, monitor your internet activities that result in serious privacy issues, produce system stability issues and ultimately cause your PC to slowdown or to an almost unusable condition.

The best ways to remove a browser hijacker

Some hijackers can be simply removed by deleting the free software they came with or by eliminating any extension you have recently added to your system. The sad thing is, the majority of the software applications used to hijack a internet browser are deliberately built to be hard to eliminate or detect. Novice computer users should never attempt for the manual form of removal methods, since it calls for thorough computer knowledge to carry out repairs on the computer registry and HOSTS file. Installing and running anti-malware application on the affected system will automatically erase browser hijackers and other unwanted applications. SafeBytes Anti-Malware could counter persistent hijackers and give you proactive computer protection against all kinds of malware. Together with the anti-virus tool, a system optimizer, such as SafeBytes’s Total System Care, could help you in removing all linked files and modifications in the registry automatically.

How to Get rid of Malware that is Blocking Websites or Preventing Downloads

Malware could potentially cause a great deal of damage to your PC. Some malware sits in between the computer and the internet connection and blocks some or all websites that you really want to visit. It might also prevent you from adding anything to your PC, especially anti-malware software. If you’re reading this article, you may have got affected by a virus that prevents you from installing a security software like Safebytes Anti-Malware. Follow the instructions below to get rid of malware through alternate methods.

Eliminate malware in Safe Mode

If the malware is set to run immediately when Windows starts, entering safe mode could very well block the attempt. Just the minimum required programs and services are loaded when you start your PC in Safe Mode. To launch your Windows XP, Vista or 7 computer in Safe Mode with Networking, do as instructed below. 1) At power-on/startup, press the F8 key in 1-second intervals. This will invoke the Advanced Boot Options menu. 2) Select Safe Mode with Networking using arrow keys and press ENTER. 3) Once this mode loads, you will have an internet connection. Now, use your internet browser normally and navigate to https://safebytes.com/products/anti-malware/ to download Safebytes Anti-Malware. 4) As soon as the software program is installed, allow the scan run to eliminate trojans and other threats automatically.

Use an alternate web browser to download an antivirus application

Some malware mainly targets particular internet browsers. If this is your case, make use of another browser as it might circumvent the computer virus. If you suspect that your Internet Explorer happens to be hijacked by a virus or otherwise compromised by online hackers, the best plan of action is to switch to a different browser such as Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, or Apple Safari to download your favorite security application – Safebytes Anti-Malware.

Make a bootable USB anti-virus drive

To successfully eliminate the malware, you will need to approach the problem of running antivirus program on the affected PC from a different angle. Follow these steps to employ a USB flash drive to fix your infected PC. 1) Download the anti-malware program on a virus-free PC. 2) Insert the pen drive on the same system. 3) Run the setup program by double-clicking the executable file of the downloaded application, which has an .exe file extension. 4) When asked, select the location of the USB drive as the place where you want to put the software files. Follow the onscreen instructions to finish the installation. 5) Remove the pen drive. You can now use this portable antivirus on the affected computer. 6) Double-click the antivirus program EXE file on the thumb drive. 7) Run Full System Scan to detect and clean-up up all types of malware.

Protect Your Computer Against Viruses and Malware With SafeBytes Anti-Malware

Would you like to download the best anti-malware software program for your desktop? There are numerous applications in the market that comes in free and paid versions for Microsoft Windows computers. Some are good ones, some are ok types, while some are simply just bogus anti-malware software which will damage your personal computer themselves! You must pick one that is dependable, practical and has a strong reputation for its malware protection. On the list of recommended software programs is SafeBytes AntiMalware. SafeBytes has a really good history of excellent service, and customers appear to be very happy with it. SafeBytes antimalware is a highly effective and easy-to-use protection tool which is created for users of all levels of IT literacy. Through its cutting-edge technology, this software will help you protect your PC against infections brought on by different kinds of malware and similar threats, including adware, spyware, computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, keyloggers, potentially unwanted program (PUPs), and ransomware.

There are plenty of amazing features you will get with this security product. Listed below are some of the great features included in the application.

World-class AntiMalware Protection: This deep-cleaning antimalware program goes much deeper than most antivirus tools to clean out your computer system. Its critically acclaimed virus engine detects and disables hard to remove malware that conceals deep within your personal computer. Active Protection: SafeBytes delivers complete and real-time security for your computer system. They are highly effective in screening and removing numerous threats since they’re continuously improved with new updates and alerts. Safe Web Browsing: Through its unique safety ranking, SafeBytes tells you whether a site is safe or not to visit it. This will ensure that you’re always certain of your online safety when browsing the web. Faster Scanning: SafeBytes’s virus scan engine is among the fastest and most efficient within the industry. It's targeted scanning considerably increases the catch rate for malware that is embedded in various PC files. Lightweight Application: SafeBytes is a lightweight application. It consume a really small amount of processing power as it works in the background so you’re free to use your Windows-based PC the way you really want. 24/7 Premium Support: You can get absolutely free 24/7 technical support from their IT experts on any product queries or PC security concerns. SafeBytes has created a fantastic anti-malware solution to help you conquer the latest malware threats and virus attacks. You can be sure that your computer system will be protected in real-time as soon as you put this software to use. So if you are searching for the best anti-malware subscription for your Windows-based PC, we suggest the SafeBytes Anti-Malware application.

Technical Details and Manual Removal (Advanced Users)

If you wish to manually get rid of AnytimeAstrology without the use of an automated tool, it may be possible to do so by removing the program from the Windows Add/Remove Programs menu, or in cases of web browser plug-ins, going to the browser’s AddOn/Extension manager and removing it. You will most probably also want to totally reset your browser to its default configuration settings. Finally, examine your hard disk for all of the following and clean your computer registry manually to get rid of leftover application entries after uninstallation. Please remember that this is for professional users only and may be difficult, with wrong file removal leading to additional system errors. Additionally, some malicious programs have the capability to defend against its removal. You are urged to do this procedure in Windows Safe Mode.

Well if anyone told me just a few years ago that I will see the day when Microsoft releases a new OS based on Linux I would be very amused, but that day has come. Mariner is the newest OS out of nowhere. Microsoft’s new Linux Distro, dubbed Common Base Linux (CBL)-Mariner, isn’t the type of distro you’d want to install directly on any old machine. It’s primarily meant for cloud infrastructure and edge products. Specifically Microsoft’s Cloud and Edge products. But if you are curious, it’s possible to run. Juan Manuel Rey, a Microsoft Senior Program Manager for Azure VMware, recently published a guide to ISO CBL-Mariner image. With that, you can easily get it up and running. And you can build CBL-Mariner on an Ubuntu 18.04 desktop. So you can try it out since it is free. You can get it from here: https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Mariner It is obvious that Microsoft aims to set itself as a leader in enterprise server environments with this move and it is very likely that it may succeed or at least give a good shake to its competitors, mainly red hat and Suse which are two dominant distros in that field. Many believe that they can win over by providing regular updates and package delivery via their already established system and that feature could be a turning point for some. In any case, time will tell and we shall see.

When we initiate the copy or move files command we get a dialog that shows us the progress of the current operation, under that bar we can click on the little arrow to expand the bar into so-called more details view where we get more information like which file is being copied, more detailed graph, etc. Windows will remember the last option we had and next time when we start the same process it will open the last view. But what if we want to only have one view always open as default, even if we change it? Let's say that we always want to have a detailed view opened always as our default even if we switch to a minimal one? Well with some tweaks in the registry of Windows we can. Note that this guide will require changing things in the registry of Windows itself, it is always smart and recommended to make a safe backup of your registry, just in case.

FOR ALWAYS SHOW MORE DETAILS FOLLOW THIS GUIDE:

open notepad and paste the following code inside: Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\OperationStatusManager] "EnthusiastMode"=dword:00000001 Go to File > Save as... and once the file save dialog opens choose at the bottom all files under file type. Save the file with extension .REG naming it whatever you want. Right-click on file and choose Merge, confirm with YES and you are done, now each time when you start copy or move operation details view will be open.

FOR ALWAYS SHOW FEWER DETAILS FOLLOW THIS GUIDE:

open notepad and paste the following code inside: Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\OperationStatusManager] "EnthusiastMode"=dword:00000000 Go to File > Save as... and once the file save dialog opens choose at the bottom all files under file type. Save the file with extension .REG naming it whatever you want. Right-click on file and choose Merge, confirm with YES and you are done, now each time when you start copy or move operation minimal details view will be open.

Booting up your Windows 10 computer does not always go smoothly as it is a complex process and you may encounter some issues along the way. There are various files that get loaded and executed while the Windows 10 operating system is loaded. You might encounter a page that displays the following error message:

“Operating System Loader has no signature. Incompatible with SecureBoot. All bootable devices failed Secure Boot verification.”

There are two main causes for this error – it could be that your computer is using a bad unauthentic Boot Image File or the Windows operating system is installed in the BIOS Mode. To fix this error, you can try performing a “cold” boot or reset the BIOS or reset your Windows 10 computer.

Option 1 – Try to perform a Cold Boot

To perform a cold boot, all you have to do is press and hold the power button of your CPU until it goes off. Once it’s off, boot your computer normally and then check if the problem is now fixed.

Option 2 – Try resetting the BIOS

If performing a cold boot did nothing to fix the problem, you can try to reset the BIOS instead.

• Start your computer and tap the F10 key during the booting process to enter the BIOS. If it does not work, you can try tapping the F1 or F2 key as well as the Del key.
• Once you’re already in the BIOS, tap the F9 key to get the prompt to RestoreLoad default configuration now for the BIOS.
• Next, click on Yes and then follow the next on-screen instructions that appear to set the BIOS back to its default settings.
• Once you’re done restoring the default settings of the BIOS, restart your computer and then check if it now boots properly.

Option 3 – Try to change the Boot Sequence

You could also try to change the Boot Sequence to fix the error. To change the Boot Sequence, follow these steps:

• Open Windows Settings and then go to Update & Security > Recovery Advanced Startup and then click on Restart Now.
• Once your computer has restarted, you should see the Advanced Options.
• Next, select Troubleshoot > Advanced Options. This will offer another set of options and from there, select the UEFI Firmware Settings and it will let your restart your computer.
• After the restart, it will take you to the Firmware settings and from there, switch to the Boot tab where you’ll see the “Boot Priority” which contains the list of the connected hard drive, CD/DVD, ROM, and USB drive.
• Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to change the boot sequence.
• Once you’re done, save and exit.

Option 4 – Reset your computer

• Tap the Win key or click on the Start button located in the Taskbar.
• Then click on the Power button at the bottom right portion of the screen.
• Next, press and hold the Shift key on your keyboard and then click on Restart. This will restart your Pc into the Advanced Startup options.

Note: Once you have access to the Advanced Startup options, you have to go to the setting which allows you to Reset your Windows 10 PC. All you have to do is select Troubleshoot > Reset this PC to reach the following screen

• Afterward, select either the “Keep my files” option and then proceed to the next on-screen instructions that follow to reset your Windows 10 computer without losing your files.

If you are following the latest gaming trends and spend a lot of time on social media, watching streams, etc. you might be under impression that gaming as a hobby is very expensive. If you plan to play the latest games on a very large screen in their highest setting that might be true but if you do not care about that you can still play games and spend much less money on them.

That being said we are here to share with you some tips and tactics on how to play good games with minimum money spent.

Do not buy games the moment when they are released

Buying a game on its launch date is maybe the worst and most expensive thing you can do. Games have their highest price on launch day but sadly with the current state of the industry, they are in their worst state as well. Games eventually became better over time after patches are released but so does their price drops after the hype has calmed down. So if you really must have some specific game on its launch day, go for it but know that by doing so you are getting the worst version of the game for its higher price.

Wishlist games and wait for the sale

All services today have a wishlist, very good and money-saving tactic is to wishlist interesting titles and wait for them to be on the sale. Services will usually have the option of sending you an email once your wishlist titles are on sale so you will be notified once they do. A good tactic as well is to wait for large sales like for example summer, winter, easter sales, or many other seasonal ones.

Get free games

Some online stores are offering free games from time to time and some are always offering some titles as gifts in order to get customers to their platform. EPIC has become famous for gifting some great titles over the past years completely for free and there are a lot of free-to-play games on each platform that you can play.

Get second-hand PC

Having a new computer is great but if your budget is tight you might consider getting your PC as a second hand instead of the new one. Hardcore games will switch components more frequently than your typical users and usually the components will be sold cheaper and be more affordable.

Play games on some older devices in general

Many games today are available on many platforms not only just on your typical PC. Same titles are available on your mobile phones, tablets, and even on your Android TV. Many titles will not even require the latest technology or monster of a computer in order to run them. You can also lower game settings and play many games on lower hardware if you do not mind not having top graphics settings.

Play over the cloud streaming

If you are very tight on budget but want to enjoy new games in their full glory there is always the option to play games via a cloud streaming service, it is not exactly a mega cheap option since it has a monthly fee but it is cheaper than some high-end gaming computer. If you combine this with the game pass you can enjoy the latest games with high-quality settings and pay it on a monthly basis.