Comparing FAT32, NTFS, exFAT file system

Windows Vista had in it animated wallpapers on desktop but sadly how they were heavy on system resources Microsoft abandoned the idea. Moving forward a couple of years later we have Windows 10 but still, we do not have live animated wallpapers. Since I am the kind of person who does not want to wait on Microsoft and now it is time to bring animated wallpapers back I am going to make one all by myself and you are welcome to join the ride and do the same for you as well. Enough talk, let's dive into how we can make animated wallpaper for our Windows 10.

Choosing the application

First, we will need some form of application which can we look at our animated wallpapers and since they are animations it means video, so we will need a video player and what better choice than a VLC player, an open-source light weighs all-format player. Get a VLC player from here and install it.

Finding video source

The next thing is to of course have some looping video that we will use as background. There are many sites and ways to get seamless loop videos, I use this youtube channel for my backgrounds. Altho you can use any video footage you want it is recommended that it is not too long, that it is hi-resolution so we do not have pixels on-screen, and if you can, get it as seamless since we do not want to see stutter when the video is lopped from the beginning. So hopefully you have desired video and VLC player installed.

Putting it all together

Copy the following code and paste it into your search bar in Windows to open the Startup folder, or navigate to the Startup folder yourself via file explorer if you know where it is. %appdata%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup Now, next thing is to copy and past the VLC shortcut into this folder so it is started when Windows is first time booted. Right-click on the shortcut and in the edit field paste this: "C:\Program Files\VideoLAN\VLC\vlc.exe" --video-wallpaper --qt-start-minimized --no-qt-fs-controller --repeat --no-video-title-show --qt-notification=0 "C:\videopath\filename.mp4" where "C:\Program Files\VideoLAN\VLC\vlc.exe" is the path where VLC is installed, point this to where you have installed it "C:\videopath\filename.mp4" is the path where you have your video that you wish to use as animated wallpaper. Please note also that in my case there is mp4 as an extension but it does not need to be mp4, just use any extension VLC can open and play.

Conclusion

And that's it, you have successfully made an animated background or live wallpaper on your Windows 10 computer. You can change your wallpaper anytime by editing shortcut and giving it a new path to a new video or simply overwrite the existing one with a new baring same name.

Low on Memory is a Windows PC memory leak error. You may come across it out of the blue however, there are various underlying reasons for this PC error. It is like a warning sign that indicates memory/RAM issues on your system. The ‘Your Computer is Low on Memory’ error means that your PC does not have enough memory space for all the activities you are trying to perform. Due to this error, your Windows and programs can also stop working. If this error is not fixed timely it can lead to serious PC threats like valuable data loss and hard disk corruption. Along with this memory error, you may also come to experience other types of signs including PC poor performance, speed issues, out-of-memory notifications, and display problems.

Solution

Error Causes

The ultimate and the underlying cause of low memory error is data overload in the RAM which triggers registry issues. To understand this better, here is a comprehensive explanation. The computer has 2 types of memory, RAM (Random Access Memory) and virtual memory. All programs and activities that you do on your computer are saved by the registry in the RAM. This includes obsolete and unnecessary files too like junk files, cookies, internet history, temporary files, invalid registry entries, and bad registry keys. Due to poor PC maintenance practices, these files accumulate in the RAM, thereby overloading it. Also, all programs on the PC use RAM to run. So, when there isn’t enough RAM for the program you are trying to run on your system, Windows temporarily moves information that would normally be stored in RAM to a file called a paging file which is also referred to as the virtual memory. By moving the information to and from the paging file- the virtual memory, Windows temporarily frees up enough RAM for programs to run smoothly. However, when you start running more programs than the RAM installed on your PC can support, low memory errors begin to occur. It triggers that the computer is out of RAM and is also low on virtual memory.

Further Information and Manual Repair

PC users should know that this is a critical error therefore it is advisable to fix it immediately before the damage sets in. Here are some of the best solutions that you can try to resolve Your computer is low on memory and similar memory leak errors on your system.

1. Run Few Programs at a Time

This is a temporary solution to prevent low memory problems.  By running a few programs at one time you can easily keep this memory error away from popping on your computer screen. However, this can cause you inconvenience if you run several programs together to perform different tasks simultaneously.

2. Increase the Virtual Memory Size

Though Windows automatically attempts to augment the virtual memory size the first time you experience ‘low on memory issues; however this again is a temporary way out of this problem. But if you are looking for a solution that can resolve these memory issues for a long time, then you can try manually increasing your PC’s memory size. Increase it up to a maximum size this is by the way determined by the amount of RAM installed on your system. Nonetheless, the drawback of this solution is that increasing the paging file size can reduce your PC performance. It can make your programs run more slowly.

3. Install More RAM

Another solution to resolve low on memory issues is to install more RAM. To do this first check your system properties to see the size of the RAM already installed on your PC. To do this press the Windows key+ Pause/Break key this will open system properties. If the RAM size is lower than 2 GB then you need to install more RAM. But if it is more then you should look for two things one check the piece of software that is causing the problem and secondly you need to clean the registry and remove the unnecessary files from your RAM and hard disk. This would free up space dramatically and resolve the low memory issue right away.

4. Download and Run Restoro, Registry Cleaner on your System

To clean the registry and wipe out unnecessary and obsolete files overloading your RAM and disk space, you should download Restoro. Restoro is a next-generation and highly functional error cleaner. By running this error cleaner on your system, you can easily scan for junk stored in your RAM and hard disk and remove it in seconds, clearing up ample disk space. This will resolve all your PC memory-related issues. Furthermore, it repairs the damaged files and restores the registry too. It spares you from the hassle of installing more RAM or virtual memory. Since this PC repair tool also functions as a system optimizer, it simultaneously boosts the speed of your system thus resolving speed issues too, all in one go. Restoro is a bug-free and efficient tool. It has a user-friendly interface making it easy for all levels of users to operate and run it on their systems. Furthermore, it is compatible with all Windows versions including Windows 7, 8, XP,  Vista & 10. Click here to download Restoro to resolve Low on Memory issues on your PC in seconds!

CyboScan PC Optimizer is promoted as a useful program that helps you clean unnecessary files and registry entries on the Windows Operating System. When installed CyboScan PC Optimizer will automatically scan your computer for issues. Upon reviewing the scan results, it was discovered that most, if not all of these issues were exaggerated, and removing them will not give the promised speed boost. The CyboScan PC Optimizer program appears to scan the Registry for installed anti-virus and anti-spyware shields and may recommend users to install products from partners. This Potentially Unwanted Program comes bundled with other Potentially Unwanted Applications that may harm your Operating System or lead to information compromise.

CyboScan PC Optimizer is also known as MySoftScans PC Cleaner, none of these offer any details about the development company and users will end up paying a fee of up to 99.95USD every 3 months for using the program.

About Potentially Unwanted Applications

You have encountered it – you download a free application, then you discover some unwanted applications on your computer or discover a strange toolbar has been added to your web browser. You did not install them, so how did they appear? These unwanted programs, which are called Potentially Unwanted Programs, or PUPs in short, typically tag along as a software bundle when downloading the application and can result in major problems for computer users. The idea of PUP was actually coined to outline this crapware as something other than malicious software. This is because, the majority of PUPs get into a computer not because they slip via the security holes, for instance, but mainly because the users have installed them themselves – 100 % unintentionally needless to say. Even though a PUP isn’t really malware by definition, it could nevertheless be dangerous software that puts the computer at risk exactly the same way a virus does.

Exactly how do unwanted programs look like?

Unwanted programs can be found in many forms. Typically, they could be found in adware bundlers which are known to utilize aggressive and misleading advertising. The majority of bundlers install many adware applications from several companies, each of which has its own EULA policy. Safebytes Anti-malware completely eliminates this threat and protects your machine against PUP or adware infection. Also, the majority of free programs nowadays come with a few unwanted add-ons; in most cases a web browser toolbar or browser modification such as a homepage hijacker. They may track your online routines, redirect your search results to unsafe websites where viruses can be downloaded and installed, hijack your search page, and slow your browser down to a crawl. PUPs lie inside the gray part of the software spectrum. Some PUPs contain keyloggers, dialers, and other software to gather your individual information which often can lead to identity theft. These are software programs that don’t really do anything useful to you; in addition to taking over space on the hard disk, they also slow down your computer, often alter settings without your permission, and the list of bothersome features goes on and on.

How one can prevent PUPs

• Read carefully before agreeing to the license agreement as it might possess a clause about PUPs. • Always pick the custom if you’re provided a choice between Recommended and Custom Installations – never click Next, Next, Next blindly. • Install reputable antivirus software, just like Safebytes Anti-malware that offers real-time protection against PUPs. • Do not download free applications or shareware unless you actually need it. Disable or remove toolbars and browser extensions you don’t actually need. • Always download software from the original site. The majority of PUPs find their way onto your PC is via download portals, so steer clear of it entirely. Remember that although PUPs can cause damage and hinder the proper functioning of your computer, they can’t enter into your computer without your permission, so be watchful not to give it to them.

Malware Blocking Internet And All Anti-Malware Software? Do This!

Malware can cause all kinds of damage when they invade your system, starting from stealing sensitive details to erasing files on your computer. Some malware variants modify web browser settings by adding a proxy server or modify the computer’s DNS settings. In such cases, you will be unable to visit some or all of the internet sites, and therefore unable to download or install the necessary security software to get rid of the computer virus. If you’re reading this article, odds are you’re stuck with a virus infection that is preventing you to download and/or install the Safebytes Anti-Malware program on your PC. There are a few options you can try to get around with this issue.

Make use of Safe Mode to resolve the issue

Safe Mode is a unique, simplified version of Windows in which just essential services are loaded to stop malware and also other problematic applications from loading. In the event, the malware is set to load automatically when the computer boots, switching to this particular mode may well prevent it from doing so. To start the computer into Safe Mode, hit the “F8” key on your keyboard right before the Windows logo screen shows up; Or after normal Windows boot up, run MSConfig, check “Safe Boot” under Boot tab, and then click Apply. Once you’re in Safe Mode, you can try to download and install your antivirus software application without the hindrance of the malicious software. Right after installation, run the malware scanner to remove most standard infections.

Utilize an alternate internet browser to download antivirus software

Some malware only targets certain browsers. If this is your case, use another internet browser as it may circumvent the virus. If you’re not able to download the antivirus application using Internet Explorer, it means malware may be targeting IE’s vulnerabilities. Here, you should switch to an alternate web browser like Firefox or Chrome to download Safebytes software.

Create a portable antivirus for removing malware

Here’s another solution which is using portable USB anti-malware software that can scan your system for viruses without the need for installation. Abide by these steps to run the anti-virus on the affected computer system. 1) On a virus-free computer, install Safebytes Anti-Malware. 2) Plug the Flash drive into the uninfected computer. 3) Double click on the executable file to run the installation wizard. 4) Choose the USB stick as the location for saving the file. Follow activation instructions. 5) Transfer the thumb drive from the uninfected computer to the infected PC. 6) Run the Safebytes Anti-malware directly from the USB drive by double-clicking the icon. 7) Click on “Scan Now” to run a scan on the infected computer for malware.

Protect Your Personal Computer From Viruses and Malware With SafeBytes Security Suite

If you’re looking to install an anti-malware program for your computer, there are various tools on the market to consider but you should not trust blindly anyone, irrespective of whether it is a free or paid program. Some of them do a great job in eliminating threats while some will ruin your PC themselves. When searching for an antivirus program, pick one that provides solid, efficient, and comprehensive protection against all known viruses and malware. On the list of highly recommended software by industry leaders is SafeBytes Anti-Malware, popular security software for Windows computers. Safebytes is among the well-established PC solutions companies, which provide this all-inclusive anti-malware software program. With its most advanced virus detection and repair technology, this software will help you protect your PC against infections caused by different kinds of malware and other internet threats, including spyware, adware, viruses, worms, trojans, keyloggers, potentially unwanted program (PUPs), and ransomware.

SafeBytes anti-malware provides an array of enhanced features that sets it apart from all others. Here are some of the good ones:

Real-time Active Protection: SafeBytes gives complete and real-time security for your personal machine. It will constantly monitor your pc for hacker activity and also gives users superior firewall protection. Antimalware Protection: This deep-cleaning antimalware software program goes much deeper than most antivirus tools to clean out your computer. Its critically acclaimed virus engine detects and disables hard-to-remove malware that hides deep within your PC. Web Security: Safebytes allots all sites a unique safety ranking that helps you to get an idea of whether the webpage you’re going to visit is safe to view or known to be a phishing site. Extremely Speed Scanning: This software has got one of the quickest and most powerful virus scanning engines in the industry. The scans are extremely accurate and take a short amount of time to complete. Lightweight: SafeBytes is a lightweight and easy-to-use anti-virus and anti-malware solution. Since it utilizes low computer resources, this program leaves the computer power exactly where it belongs: with you. 24/7 Guidance: You can get 24/7 technical assistance to promptly resolve any concern with your security tool. On the whole, SafeBytes Anti-Malware is a solid program as it has lots of features and can detect and eliminate any potential threats. Once you have downloaded and installed this software, you will no longer have to worry about malware or any other security worries. If you need sophisticated forms of protection features & threat detections, buying SafeBytes Anti-Malware could be worth the dollars!

Technical Details and Manual Removal (Advanced Users)

If you wish to manually get rid of CyboScan PC Optimizer without the use of an automated tool, it might be possible to do so by removing the application from the Windows Add/Remove Programs menu, or in cases of browser plug-ins, going to the browsers AddOn/Extension manager and removing it. You will likely also want to reset your internet browser. In order to ensure the complete removal, manually check your hard disk and computer registry for all of the following and remove or reset the values accordingly. Having said that, editing the registry is actually a difficult task that only advanced users and professionals should try to fix the problem. Furthermore, certain malware keeps replicating which makes it tough to remove. You’re suggested to do this procedure in Safe Mode.

It is common to run multiple programs and applications at the same time and it’s important to be able to switch between them using their Taskbar icons or using the usual Alt + Tab shortcut. However, there are times when you might suddenly find that neither of the aforementioned methods worked and you will no longer be able to switch between programs in the Windows Taskbar. To fix this issue, refer to the options given in this post. For instance, when you have multiple instances of Microsoft Edge running and every time you press the Alt + Tab combo nothing happens so you are left with no choice but to minimize everything and then hover your mouse on the icon and switch between the instances of Edge. You will also notice that the right-click on the taskbar won’t respond back and will only keep on showing the loading circle icon. Here are a few tips you can follow to fix the issue with the Windows 10 Taskbar.

Option 1 – Try to restart the Windows Explorer

This is one of the basic things you can try as restarting Windows Explorer helps in refreshing the user interface and makes most of the things work in relation to the user interface.

• To get started, tap the Alt + Ctrl + Del keys to pull up the Windows Task Manager.
• After opening Task Manager, look for “explorer.exe” under the list of programs.
• Once you find the explorer.exe, right-click on it and click Restart.

Option 2 – Try changing the Foreground Lock Time

Aside from restarting Windows Explorer, you could also try changing the Foreground Lock Time to fix the issue with the Taskbar.

• Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
• Then type in regedit in the field and tap Enter to open the Registry Editor.
• Next, go to this registry key – HKEY_CURRENT_USERControl PanelDesktop
• Next, change the ForegroundLockTimeout value from200000 to 0. After that, it will make sure that no other application will take away the focus from your current program or application. It could be that some other application has taken away the focus and even when you try to actually switch, the focus gets back to the old one. Anyhow, since you already changed the value of ForegroundLockTimeout, it will ensure that the focus is not switched.

Note: If you are running some Full-Screen applications there are some devices especially the gaming ones, disable the Windows key to make sure that you won’t be able to switch. If this is the case, you need to make some modifications to the Full-Screen games.

The Intel Driver and Support Assistant automatically identifies, finds, and installs drivers in a computer and is pre-installed in newer Intel-supported systems. If you are using one of those newer Intel supported systems but encountered an error that says, “Communication with service process failed, Tray cannot start” when you launch a program, read on as this post will guide you in fixing this problem. This kind of issue in Intel supported system could be due to some third party application that’s meant to update drivers could be interfering. It is also possible that the Intel Driver and Support Assistant application is corrupted. Whatever the cause may be, here are some suggestions you have to check out to resolve the problem.

Option 1 – Try to uninstall all the third party driver update applications

One of the reasons why some users install third-party driver update software is that it is kind of tiresome to update each one of the drivers manually. However, as tiresome as it might be, it is still better than using a third-party driver update application as these kinds of applications could mess up the drivers, and the Intel Driver and Support Assistant is still much better. To fix the error, you have to uninstall the previously installed third-party driver update application on your computer.

• Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box
• Then type “appwiz.cpl” in the field and hit Enter to open the Programs and Features in Control Panel.
• From there, look for the third-party driver update application you are using, select it and then click on Uninstall to remove it.
• After that, restart your computer and try to install the latest version of the program again. It should work now. If not, proceed to the next available option below.

Option 2 – Try to disable the DSATray in Startup

Another thing about the “Communication with service process failed, Tray cannot start” error is that it keeps on popping up each time you boot your computer. And so to resolve this bug, you can just disable the DSATray from Startup. How? Refer to these steps:

• Tap the Ctrl + Alt + Del to pull up the Security options window.
• From there, select the option to open the Task Manager.
• Once you’re in the Task Manager, go to the Startup tab and look for “DSATray” and right-click on it and then select the Disable option.
• Now restart your computer and you should be good to go.

Option 3 – Try to reinstall the Intel Driver and Support Assistant

If the Intel Driver and Support Assistant is corrupted, you need to uninstall it from your computer. All you have to do is go to Programs and Features like what you did in the first option to uninstall the program. Once you’ve uninstalled it, download the newer or latest version of the Intel Driver and Support Assistant from the official site of Intel and then install it.

Blackouts are one of the most annoying things that can happen in the modern age. We have all learned to depend on electricity, maybe too much, so having a backup plan in these unpleasant situations is necessary. Here are some good gadgets for these kinds of situations.

Power Bank

The fully charged power bank is a great item that could fill up your phone or tablet. If it is a larger power bank it could fill them up all the way to the top several times and having charged phone or tablet can help greatly with some fun during dark times. The power bank can also be used to fill up other gadgets on this list so if the power outage is expected to last longer perhaps it would be wiser not to waste it on phone/tablet games.

Portable Generator

If the power bank is too short-lived for your needs, a portable generator is always a good option since it can provide power for longer time periods. The solar generator is what we recommend because it is much cheaper to produce electricity but it is limited if a power surge comes at night, one on gasoline is more stable and practical but it costs more to produce electricity.

Portable Solar Charger

One more electric-producing device on the list, this one however is aimed at charging your phone, tablet, or laptop by harvesting Sun's energy and turning it into valuable electricity for your devices. Fully silent and easy to operate this is a great tool for power outrage. It will not be able to produce electricity for smaller house appliances but for basic phone/tablet/laptop needs it will suffice.

Panic light

Self-sustained with its own battery, panic lights are great assets for lightning when power is not present. They can turn automatically when the circuit detects that power is missing but can be also manually switched on or off. There are many versions of panic lights ranging from the light they produce to how long can they work so picking the right one will depend entirely on your home size and needs.

USB Headlamp

If you lack panic lights USB headlamp is a great choice to light your way and it works even better than a flashlight, although a flashlight is also a great tool, a headlight will provide you with free arms to do various things that you would not be able to by holding a flashlight. Modern headlights come with LED lights so they provide a good amount of light with small power consumption and they can be recharged in a power bank, solar charger, or generator.

LED lantern

LED Lantern is a gadget sitting somewhere between a headlight and a panic light, it offers around the same light amount as a panic light but you can carry it around with you. Of course, it will drain its battery faster than a panic light and it will still need to carry around but it can offer some good options when you need it, like taking it with you to the toilet.

Electric Lighter

An electric lighter is also one of the things that you will need, it can ignite candles, paper, stoves, etc. Its battery is usually enough for extensive use and there are small chances that it will need to be recharged. Having matches is also smart, just in case.

Solar Oven

Great gadget when outbreaks last long or when you get hungry. Not all households have gas ovens so a Solar oven is a great tool to keep you full of food. Granted it will not be on par in speed and quality with a regular oven but when it is the only option it will suffice.

Error Code 0xc004fc03 – What is it?

Error code 0xc004fc03 occurs when Windows users fail to activate their Windows operating system due to a networking problem. The error code’s common symptoms include the following:

• Inability to activate Windows 10 operating system
• Message box with error code 0xc004fc03

Solution

Error Causes

Error code 0xc004fc03 in Windows 10 usually occurs due to issues related to a Windows user’s network. Your computer may be having problems connecting to the Internet or your firewall may be blocking or interrupting your device’s ability to activate Windows 10. In some cases, users may simply need to wait a day or two to reattempt to activate their system using a valid product key, as there may be an issue with the Windows activation servers.  Failure to promptly fix this error code might result in other Windows 10 error messages, such as error code 0xc004f034.

Further Information and Manual Repair

To rectify the error code, Windows 10 users will need to perform manual repair procedures that fix the underlying problems causing error code 0xc004fc03. These procedures may include reconnecting to one’s network, checking your firewall settings, or activating your Windows operating system via phone. The manual repair methods are simple and do not require technical knowledge of the Windows operating system. If your attempts at manually repairing this error code fail, however, you may need to try a few other procedures.

Method One: Verify Internet Connection

To check your Internet connection, you’ll need to access the Network & Internet tab in Windows 10. Follow the instructions below to access this tab and fix Internet connectivity issues if they are preventing you from activating Windows on your machine.

• Step one: Click the Start button and select Settings
• Step two: Select Network & Internet
• Step three: Click the Status section of the Network & Internet tab

If your status shows that you are not connected to a network, you will need to fix your connection. Simply use the Network Troubleshooter to troubleshoot your connection. You will be able to activate your copy of Windows once your connectivity issues are resolved.

If, however, the problem persists and error code 0xc004fc03 occurs during the activation process, this simply means that the existence of the error code is not due to connectivity or networking problems. In such a case, move to the next manual repair method listed below and follow the exact instructions given.

Method Two: Check Firewall Settings

Windows Firewall protects your PC from hackers, worms, and other malicious programs. However, in some cases, it may result in error codes like error code 0xc004fc03. If your firewall is interfering with the Windows 10 activation, you’ll be able to rectify the problem by simply adjusting your settings. Follow the steps below to check – and adjust if necessary – your Windows Firewall settings.

• Step one: Click search bar and type firewall
• Step two: Select Windows Firewall
• Step three: Select Turn Windows Firewall on or off

In some cases, Windows users may not be able to adjust settings within the Windows Firewall tab, as your firewall settings may be controlled by a third party antivirus software. If this is the case, open the antivirus software and turn off the firewall if the software does not prevent you from making such changes to its settings.

Note, however, that you will need to readjust the settings as soon as you activate your version of Windows 10. This is due to the fact that turning off your firewall settings permanently may lead to exposure to worms and other malicious programs.

Method Three: Activate Windows by Phone

Activation of Windows via phone is another option for individuals experiencing error code 0xc004fc03. The activate by phone option in the Update & Security tab will be available once you fail to activate Windows 10. To complete this manual repair method, follow the steps below.

• Step one: Select Settings
• Step two: Click Update & security
• Step three: Select Activate by phone
• Step four: Follow the instructions provided thereafter.

This is one of the most effective ways to fix error code 0xc004fc03. If the issue persists, however, you can proceed to the last resort.

Method Four: Download an Automated Tool

If you wish to always have at your disposal a utility tool to fix these Windows 8 and other related issues when they do arise, download and install a powerful automated tool.

We couldn’t update system reserved partition” - What is it?

Customers will most likely encounter the “We couldn’t update system reserved partition” error when upgrading to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or Windows 8.1. This error may also come with error code 0xc1900104 or error code 0x800f0922.

Solution

Error Cause

“We couldn’t update system reserved partition” Windows 10 upgrade error is normally caused by too little space on the System Reserved Partition (SRP). The System Reserve Partition is an additional small partition created by Windows, which stores boot files. The SRP can be filled up with security apps and third-party anti-virus. Once this partition has insufficient space, the system will not be able to upgrade to Windows 10.

Further Information and Manual Repair

Caution: The following steps are complex and need to be done by experienced users especially using the command line. Once an error is made in entering commands, there’s a chance that your device can be put in a no-boot situation, or data stored on the device can possibly get lost.

To upgrade to Windows 10, your device needs to have at least 15MB free space on the System Reserved Partition. Follow the procedure below and then try upgrading again.

First, know if the System Reserved Partition is whether in GPT or MBR partition style:

1. Open the Run window by pressing the Windows key + R. Type msc in the window then press Enter.
2. Right-click on the Disk where SRP is located then select
3. Click over the Volumes
4. On the Partition Style line, you’ll see which partition style your device is using, either Master Boot Record (MBR) or GUID Partition Table (GPT)

Second, determine which method you will need:

Depending on what partition style your device has and whether you’re currently on Windows 7 or Windows 8/8.1, there are various methods you need to do.

Method 1: Windows 7 or 8/8.1 with GPT partition

1. Click on the Start button and search for cmd. In the results, right-click on Command Prompt then choose Run as administrator. The command prompt window will appear.
2. Type mountvol y: /s at the command prompt then press Enter. This command will add the Y: drive letter where you can access the System Partition.
3. Type taskkill /im explorer.exe /f then hit Enter. Afterward, restart explorer in Admin mode by typing exe and hitting Enter.

NOTE: While in Admin mode, some apps like OneNote will not run.

4. Open File Explorer then type Y:EFIMicrosoftBoot in the address bar. Hit Enter.
5. Choose the language folders you want to permanently delete. Language folders are named with four letters split with a hyphen. For instance, you want to delete the German language: choose de-DE.
6. Optional: You can also delete unused font files for more space. Type Y:EFIMicrosoftBootFonts in the address bar then press enter.
7. Once you permanently deleted the unnecessary files, reboot the device to return to explorer.exe to normal mode and remove the Y: drive letter.

Method 2: Windows 7 with MBR partition

Doing this method will make a permanent, but small increase in the free space of the device’s SRP.

1. Delete language folders

a. Open the Run window by pressing the Windows key + R. Type diskmgmt.msc then hit Enter. b. Select System Reserve partition then right-click on it.

c. Choose Change Drive Letter and Paths then select Add.

d. Type Y for the drive letter then click OK.

e. Click on the Start button and search for cmd. In the results, right-click on Command Prompt then choose Run as administrator. The command prompt window will appear.

f. Type Y: at the command prompt then press Enter.

g. Once you’ve switched to drive Y, type takeown /d y /r /f . then hit Enter.

NOTE: Ensure that the space and period after “f” is included in order for the command to work properly      

h. Type icacls Y:* /save %systemdrive%NTFSp.txt /c /t then hit Enter to back up the permission to the drive.

NOTE: Ensure that all files are marked as successful and that no files are marked as failed.

i. Type whoami then hit Enter. Record the username that appears. Afterwards, type icacls . /grant <username you got from whoami>:F /t then press Enter.

NOTE: Ensure that there’s no space between the username and “:F” or the command will not work.

j. In the File Explorer, open the SRP drive and select the Boot folder. Choose the             language folders you want to permanently delete. Language folders are named      with four letters split with a hyphen. For example: de-DE is the German language          while en-US is the U.S. English language.

2. Truncate the NTFS Log:

a. Open the Command Prompt then type chkdsk /L Y: to check the size of the NTFS Log. If the NTFS Log size is less than 5000KB, you need not truncate the file.

b. Type chkdsk /L:5000 /X /F then hit Enter to truncate the NTFS Log.

c. Return to Disk Management window. Select Action menu then select Check if the device’s SRP now has a larger amount of free space. Once there’s enough space, right click the System Reserve Partition then select Change Drive Letter and Paths. Choose Y: then select Remove.

3. If there’s still not enough available space after truncating the NTFS Log, resize the USN journal:

a. Open the command prompt then type fsutil usn queryjournal Y: to display the size in hex value. Convert the hex value to decimal then divide it by 1048576. The result you will get will be in MB. If the journal size is 30MB or more, proceed with truncating the file.

NOTE: To convert the Hex value to Decimal, open the Calculator app in Windows then choose View menu. Select Programmer then choose Hex. Type the Hex value then choose Dec.

b. Type fsutil usn deletejournal /D /N Y: then hit Enter to delete the journal. Type fsutil usn createjournal m=1500 a=1 Y: to recreate the journal having the new log size value.

4. Restore permissions

a. Type icacls Y: /restore %systemdrive%NTFSp.txt /c /t in the Command Prompt. Check if the files were successfully processed before proceeding. If you see a message saying some files failed while processing, this is normal since some of the files have already been deleted before performing a backup. However, if there are no successful files indicated, the command was not properly executed.

b. Type icacls . /grant system:f /t then hit Enter to adjust the ACL back to System. Now, you can set the owner of the drive by typing icacls Y: /setowner “SYSTEM” /t /c then press Enter.

c. Check if the device’s SRP now has enough free space by going back to Disk Management and refreshing the data. If the SRP already has sufficient space, you can now remove the drive letter. Right-click on the System Reserved Partition then choose Change Drive Letter and Paths. Select the Y: drive then choose Confirm deleting the drive letter by clicking OK.

Method 3: Windows 8/8.1 with MBR partition

This method makes a larger, but temporary, increase in the SRP free space.

1. Be sure you have an external drive having at least 250 MB free space and formatted as NFTS.

2. Open Run by pressing the Windows key + R. Type mscthen to choose the Recovery Partition. Right-click on it then choose Change Drive Letter and Paths.

3. Select Add then type Y for the drive letter, click

4. Click on the Start screen then type cmd in the search bar. In the results, right-click on Command Prompt then choose Run as administrator. The command prompt window will appear.

5. Switch to another drive by typing Y: in the command prompt. Once you’re in the drive Y, type takeown /d y /r /f .

NOTE: Ensure that space and period after “f” are included in order for the command to work properly.

6. Type whoami then hit Enter. Record the username that appears. Afterward, type icacls . /grant <username you got from whoami>:F /t then press Enter.

NOTE: Ensure that there’s no space between the username and “:F” or else the command will not work.

7. Once the command is completed, type attrib -s -r –h Y:RecoveryWindowsREwinre.wim then hit Enter.
8. Open File Explorer and check the drive letter of the external drive you’re using (In this case, let’s assume F: is the drive letter of the external drive so when you see F: for the rest of the steps, this means the drive letter of the external drive you’re using).
9. Type mkdir F:RecoveryWindowsRE in the Command Prompt then hit Enter. Afterward, type xcopy Y:RecoveryWindowsREwinre.wim F:RecoveryWindowsREwinre.wim /h
10. Type C:WindowsSystem32Reagentc /SetREImage /Path F:RecoveryWindowsRE /Target C:Windows to map the new path
11. Verify if the copy was successfully done then type del Y:RecoveryWindowsREwinre.wim /F
12. Return to Disk Management window. Click on the Action menu then hit Check if the device’s SRP now has a larger amount of available space. Once there’s enough space, you can proceed with the upgrade.
13. Upon completion of the upgrade, move back the wim file to the Recovery Partition. At this point, you can re-map now the location by:
    1. Open the Command Prompt then type xcopy F:RecoveryWindowsREwinre.wim Y:RecoveryWindowsREwinre.wim /h and press Enter.
    2. Type C:WindowsSystem32Reagentc /SetREImage /Path Y:RecoveryWindowsRE /Target C:Windows to re-map to the original path.
14. Return to the Disk Management window. Right-click on the Recovery Partition then choose Change Drive Letter and Paths. Select the Y: drive then choose Remove.

Method: Download a Powerful Automated Tool

Not inclined to go through a long and technical process (as highlighted above)? Download and install a powerful automated tool and get the job done in a jiffy.

In this post, you will be guided on how to import and export the WSL distros in your Windows 10 computer. WSL, also known as Windows Subsystem for Linux, is a compatibility layer needed to run Linux binary executable in Windows 10, as well as the Windows Server 2019. In case you don’t know, when you reinstall or reset Windows 10, all of its configuration data stored with the WSL distros gets deleted. Going back or restoring the configuration can be quite challenging but worry not for Microsoft has already got this covered as you can now import and export the WSL or Windows Subsystem for Linux distros. There are three aspects that you have to deal with when you import or export WSL distros in your Windows 10 computer, such as importing WSL distro, exporting WSL distro, and uninstalling the imported WSL distros. Before you proceed to the instructions provided below, make sure that all your installed distros are updated via Microsoft Store. Once you have this covered, follow the options below.

Option 1 – Import the WSL distro

• Type “command prompt” in the Start Search and from the search results, right-click on Command Prompt and then select the “Run as administrator” option.
• After opening Command Prompt as admin, execute this command: wsl --list –all
• The command you entered will list all the installed WSL distros on your computer. And now it’s time for you to import a WSL distro by executing this command: wsl --import <Name of the distro> <Fill path to save the backup .tar file>

Note: In the given command above, replace “<Name of the distro>” with the name of the distro you want to import and replace “<Fill the path to save the backup .tar file>” with the location where you want to save the .tar file.

Option 2 – Export the WSL distro

• Type “command prompt” in the Start Search and from the search results, right-click on Command Prompt and then select the “Run as administrator” option.
• After opening Command Prompt as admin, execute this command to see the list of all the installed WSL distros in your computer: wsl --list –all
• After that, execute this command to export a WSL distro: wsl --export <Name of the distro> <Fill path to save the backup .tar file>

Option 3 – Uninstall the imported WSL distro

• Open Command Prompt with admin privileges.
• Next, execute this command to view the list of all the installed WSL distros: wsl --list –all
• After that, execute this command to uninstall an imported WSL distro: wsl --unregister <Name of the distro>
• Once it’s done, close Command Prompt and restart your computer.

As you know, one of the most highlighted features of Windows 10 is Windows Updates. It was offered to the customers as a service rather than a product with the release of Windows 10 under the scenario of Software as a Service which led to Windows Updates being set by default on Windows 10 and without an option for any users to disable it. Although not all users are happy with what Microsoft did, this is an ultimate step towards the greater good of all its customers since Windows Updates helps users in keeping their computers secured against all kinds of threats as well as provide them with the greatest and latest updates from Microsoft. So if you are one of those users who approved of the Windows Updates service, then read on as this post will guide you in running Windows Updates from Command Line either via Command Prompt or Windows PowerShell. For the complete set of instructions, refer to the options given below.

Option 1 – Run Windows Update via Command Prompt

Command Prompt in the Windows operating system exists for a very long time now compared to the comparatively new Windows PowerShell. That’s why it has similar capabilities to run Windows Updates. However, the highlighting point here is that you don’t have to download any module for Windows Updates. To get started running Windows Updates using Command Prompt, refer to the steps below.

• First, type “cmd” in the Cortana search box, and from the search results, right-click on Command Prompt and select the Run as Administrator option to open it with Administrator privileges.
• If a User Account or UAC prompt appears, just click on Yes to proceed.
• Next, type in the commands listed below, and don’t forget to tap Enter right after you type each one of them.
  • UsoClient StartScan – use this command to start checking for updates.
  • UsoClient StartDownload – use this command to start downloading updates.
  • UsoClient StartInstall – use this command to start installing the downloaded updates.
  • UsoClient RestartDevice – use this command to restart your computer after you install.
  • UsoClient ScanInstallWait – use this command to check, download and install updates.

Note: Keep in mind that the commands in Command Prompt listed above are only meant for Windows 10. On the other hand, if you are using an older Windows version, you can try using the following commands instead:

• wuauclt /detectnow – use this command to start checking for updates.
• wuauclt /updatenow – use this command to start installing the updates detected.
• wuauclt /detectnow /updatenow – use this command to check, download and install updates.

Option 2 – Run Windows Updates via Windows PowerShell

If you run Windows Updates in the Windows PowerShell, it will require you to install the Windows Update module manually. Hence, you have to get the Windows Updates downloaded and install Windows Updates.

• Search for PowerShell in the Cortana search box and then run it with administrator privileges.
• Once you’ve opened the Windows PowerShell, type the following command and hit Enter.
  • Install-Module PSWindowsUpdate – use this command to install the Windows Update module for Windows PowerShell.
  • Get-WindowsUpdate – use this command to connect to the servers of Windows Update and download the updates if found.
  • Install-WindowsUpdate – use this command to install the Windows Updates you’ve downloaded to your computer.