Fix BAD_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INFO error in Windows

Fix Error Code 0x80090016 for PIN and MS Store

If you encounter Error Code 0x80090016 while trying to create a PIN or when you are using Microsoft Store, then you’ve come to the right place as this post will guide you in how you can fix this problem. Recently some users reported that they were unable to sign in or set up the Windows 10 Login PIN. Note that the potential fixes for this issue are totally different in both scenarios. Here’s the error message you get when you encounter the PIN related error:

“Something went wrong, We weren’t able to set up your PIN. Sometimes it helps to try again or you can skip for now and do this later.”

On the other hand, here’s the error message you get for the Microsoft Store-related error:

“Try that again, Something happened on our end and we couldn’t sign you in.”

Here are some potential fixes you can try to fix the Error Code 0x80090016 in the Microsoft Store:

Option 1 – Try to sync the Date and Time

The first thing you can try is to sync the Date and Time of your computer as the wrong Date and Time settings are one of the most common causes of connection problems like the Error Code 0x80090016. This is because of the incompatibility between the SSL Certificate validation date and the System Clock. Thus, you have to sync your System Clock. Refer to the steps below to do so.

Start by tapping the Win + I keys to open the Windows Settings.
Next, go to Time & Language > Date & time.
From there, turn the toggle on for the “Set time automatically and Set time zone automatically” option on the right-side panel.
After that, click on Region & language located on the left side panel and make sure that the Country or region on the right-side panel is set to the country you live in.
Now close the Settings app and restart your computer and see if it fixes the problem or not.

Option 2 – Try to re-register the Microsoft Store app via PowerShell

Tap the Win + X key combination or right-click on the Start button and click on the Windows PowerShell (Admin) option.
If a User Account Control or UAC prompt appears, just click on Yes to proceed and open the Windows PowerShell window.
Next, type in or copy-paste the following command to re-register the Microsoft Store app and tap Enter:

powershell -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register $Env:SystemRootWinStoreAppxManifest.xml

Wait for the process to be completed and then restart your computer.

Option 3 – Try to reset the Microsoft Store cache

Just like browsers, Microsoft Store also caches as you view apps and games so it is most likely that the cache is no longer valid and must be removed. To do so, follow the steps below.

Right-click on the start button and click on Command Prompt (administrator).
Next, type in the command, “exe” and tap Enter. Once you do, the command will clear the cache for the Windows Store app.
Now restart your PC and afterward, try opening Microsoft Store again and then see if Error Code 0x80090016 is resolved or not.

Option 4 – Try to run the Windows Store Troubleshooter

The Windows 10 Store Apps Troubleshooter will help you in fixing the Error Code 0x80090016. This is a great built-in tool from Microsoft that helps users fix any app installation issues. So this is worth a try to solve the problem. This built-in tool also helps you fix the Windows 10 Store if it isn’t working. To use the Windows Store Troubleshooter, follow the steps below.

Tap Win + I keys again to open the Windows Settings panel.
Go to Update & Security and then go to Troubleshoot.
On your right-hand side, scroll down to find the Windows Store Apps and then click on Run the troubleshooter option and see if it fixes the problem.

On the other hand, you can use the options below if you encounter Error Code 0x80090016 while setting up your PIN.

Option 5 – Try to manage the NGC Folder

You need to boot your computer into Safe Mode first.
Next, delete all the contents of the NGC folder and you can do that by taking ownership of the folder first. To do so, refer to these sub-steps:
- First, locate the concerned folder and right-click on it then select Properties.
- Next, click on the Edit button in the Properties window and click OK to confirm if you got a User Account Control elevation request.
- After that, select user/group from the permission windows or click on the Add button to add another user or group. It would be best if you add “Everyone” to give permission.
- Then check “Full Control” under the “Allow” column to assign full access rights control permissions.
- Now edit the permission to Full Control for “Everyone”.
- Click OK to save the changes made and then exit.
After you take ownership of the folder, you can now delete all of its contents.
Once you’re done, restart your computer and see if the problem is fixed.

Option 6 – Try to use the Group Policy Editor

Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box
Then type “gpedit.msc” in the field and hit Enter or click OK to open the Group Policy Editor.
Next, navigate to this setting: Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > System > Logon
After that, double click on “Turn on convenience PIN Sign-in” and set its radio button to Enable. This policy setting has the following description:

“This policy setting allows you to control whether a domain user can sign in using a convenience PIN. If you enable this policy setting, a domain user can set up and sign in with a convenience PIN. If you disable or don’t configure this policy setting, a domain user can’t set up and use a convenience PIN. Note: The user’s domain password will be cached in the system vault when using this feature. To configure Windows Hello for Business, use the Administrative Template policies under Windows Hello for Business.”

After you set the radio button to Enable, it will turn on the Logins using the PIN. Note that setting the radio button to Disabled or Not Configured will turn off the Logins using the PIN.
Now exit the Group Policy Editor and restart your PC so that the changes can take effect.

3 ways to bypass TPM and install W11 anywhere

TPM 2.0 requirement for Windows 11 has produced a lot of discussions since it was announced. A lot of somewhat older hardware seems to be left behind with this decision from Microsoft. So naturally, when something like this is announced, especially when it is stated it is the must-have thing, people find a way to break it and to prove it is not the case. In that spirit, I am proud to present you with not one but three-way you can install Windows 11 on hardware that does not has TPM 2.0. Please note that by bypassing this you will not be able to use some Windows 11 features tied to modules like Device encryption, vTPM in Hyper-V, and all TPM-related services. I will cover methods from the most simple and straightforward ones to the more complicated using registry editor.

Bypass TPM with changing installation media

For this method to work you will need both Windows 10 ISO and Windows 11 ISO since it will require some file copying between them. You will also need Rufus or another tool to make a new installation media once files are copied All you have to do in this method is to go into your Windows 10 ISO and delete the install.esd, then just copy install.wim from Windows 11 installation media into the same place, and you are done. Make install ISO with Rufus and install Windows 11.

Change DLL on installation media method

For this method, you will need everything like in the previous one and the process is almost the same, but this time instead of migrating the whole installation file, we will just replace the appraiserres.dll file. Copy appraiserres.dll file from your Windows 10 installation media over the same file on Windows 11 installation and you are good to go.

Bypassing TPM via registry editor

If for some reason previous easy solutions have not worked for you do not lose hope just yet, there is one more way you can bypass TPM. In this given method you will not need Windows 10 installation media but the process is a little more complicated than previous ones.

Create Windows 11 media installation
Start the installation process
Click the Next button.
Select region, language, and time when asked. You can change these settings later.
Click the Install now button.
If your device was already activated, click the I don’t have a product key option to continue.
Click the Next button. Select the edition of Windows. When you’re installing the OS on an existing device, Windows won’t activate if you select the incorrect edition.
Click the Next button.
Select the I accept the license terms option and click next.
Select Custom: Install Windows only (Advanced)
During the Windows installation screen, now you will see a message stating that the PC can’t run Windows 11 if you do not have TPM 2.0
On this screen, press SHIFT + F10 to open Command Prompt window.
Launch the registry editor, type regedit.exe in Command Prompt, and press ENTER
Create a new key “LabConfig” by right-clicking on the Setup key and select New > Key under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Setup.
Type LabConfig and press ENTER.
Right-click on the LabConfig key.
Select New > DWORD (32-bit) value.
Create two values: BypassTPMCheck and BypassSecureBootCheck.
Set their DWORD32 value to 1.
Press ENTER.
Close the Registry Editor.
Type exit in the Command Prompt and press ENTER or close its window.
Press the back button in the Windows installation setup if it still says “This PC can’t run Windows 11”.
Accept the terms & conditions.
Select Custom: Install Windows only (Advanced) option and configure the partition with the current installation.
Click the Next button.
Finish Windows 11 installation

How to save google DOC as a PDF

Google Docs has cemented itself as a great free alternative to Microsoft Office Word. Most of the time people just share links to google Docs among themselves but sometimes you need to save and download files.

Luckily Google docs let you download easily files in various formats including PDF as well. In this short tutorial we will explain how can you download your Google document as a PDF file.

Saving Google Docs as a PDF

Open the Google document inside the browser and click on the File drop-down menu. In the file drop-down menu go to Download and choose PDF document. Next, choose the location where you would like your file to be saved and click on SAVE.

And that's all that needs to be done. Also, you can edit PDF files as well in google docs if you need to.

Change Keyboard Repeat Rate and Repeat Delay

In case you don’t know, Windows 10 actually allows users to set the Keyboard Repeat Rate and Repeat Delay. Both of these terms are interrelated and when you make active, any text field or an editor and then press and hold a single character key, it will quickly type the character for the first time and will show delay until the second and later characters appear. This is what you call the Keyboard Repeat Delay. On the other hand, the rate at which the later character appears is known as Keyboard Repeat Rate. There are two ways you can set the Keyboard Repeat Rate and the Keyboard Repeat Delay on Windows 10. The first one is using the Keyboard Properties while the second one is using the Registry Editor.

Option 1 – Set up Keyboard Repeat Rate and Repeat Delay via Keyboard Properties

First, tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and type in “control keyboard” in the field, and hit Enter to open the Keyboard Properties.
From there, you can use the slider to make the respective options for both Keyboard Repeat Delay and Repeat Rate shorter or whatever you prefer them to be.
You should also see a text field in the mini window where you can test out your preferences. Once done, click on the Apply and OK buttons to save the changes made.

Option 2 – Keyboard Repeat Rate and Repeat Delay via Registry Editor

Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run utility and type “Regedit” in the field and then hit Enter to open the Registry Editor.
Next, navigate to this registry path: HKEY_CURRENT_USERControl PanelAccessibilityKeyboard Response
From there, you can set your own value for both the AutoRepeatDelay and AutoRepeatRate registry keys so that you can set the Keyboard Repeat Rate and Repeat Delay in Windows 10.
Once you’re done, exit the Registry Editor and restart your computer to save the changes made.

What to do if Windows 10 Taskbar Volume Control is not working

The quickest way to control and manage the volume of your Windows 10 PC is using the Volume control icon in the system tray. However, you might encounter issues in using it especially if you recently updated your PC. After the update, if it no longer responds to mouse clicks, be it a right-click or left-click, read on as this post will show you what you can do to remedy that issue. If you think that you’re the only one who has experienced this problem, you are mistaken as several users also reported that the volume icon does highlight and shows the volume level if you hover the cursor over it but it does not really do anything at all. This is definitely the quickest way to change the audio output in Windows 10 especially when you have to change from speakers to your earphone and whatnot. If you are one of the users whose Windows 10 Taskbar Volume Control icon has stopped working and every time you click on the icon and nothing happens and you’re still not able to adjust the volume of your Windows 10 computer, read on as this post will show you what you can do to fix that problem. Although the audio is working just fine, you will still not be able to adjust the volume from its control icon. The problem is most likely related to the UI interaction. There are times when icons in the taskbar also experience the same issue where you can hover your mouse over them but nothing happens when you click on them. As mentioned, the issue with the volume icon does not seem to affect the actual audio of the computer. Double-check to confirm and if it turns out that the audio is indeed working fine, you can use the hardware of your keyboard to manage and control the volume, however, the software just won’t work. This issue is really inconvenient especially for users who connect their laptops to a bigger display. To fix this issue, here are some suggestions you need to check out.

Option 1 – Try to restart the Windows Explorer

This option may sound silly but it has actually worked in fixing the issue for some users. So if anything gets stuck on the taskbar or system tray, the best way to revive them is by restarting Windows Explorer.

Right-click on the taskbar and then select the Task Manager.
Next, look for Windows Explorer under the Processes tab.
Then right-click and select restart.
After that, wait for the restart process to be completed and for the user interface to refresh. Note that you will notice the Taskbar disappearing and reappearing again. It will reload the entire user interface and allows you to access the volume icon. It should work this time.

Option 2 – Restart the Audio services

Restarting the audio services in your computer can also help you fix the volume control issue and to do that, refer to these steps:

Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box.
Type in “services.msc” in the field and hit Enter to open Services.
From there, look for Windows Audio and then right-click on it and go to Properties.
After that, you have to make sure that the Startup Type is set to Automatic.
Then click on the Stop button. Once it has stopped, start it again.
Now restart your computer and see if you can now access the volume icon on the taskbar.

Option 3 – Try to update or roll back the Audio driver

If the glitch in your audio has something to do with software, chances are it might be related to the audio driver – it could be that the newest version of your Windows 10 does not work well with the old version of the driver. This is why you have to update your audio driver to the newest available version.

Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and then type in devmgmt.msc and tap Enter or click OK to open the Device Manager.
Expand the section for the outdated device drivers.
And then select the outdated driver(s) and right-click on it/them.
From the drop-down menu, select the Update Driver option and follow the on-screen instructions to install the latest version of the driver.
Then also click on the option, “Search automatically for updated driver software.
Restart your PC after the installation.

Note: If updating the Audio driver didn’t work, you can go to the website of your PC manufacturer and look for the support section where you can download the drivers for your computer. You just need to take note of your PC’s correct model and model number so you can find the appropriate driver.

Option 4 – Try running the Playing Audio Troubleshooter

Since the Windows 10 operating system has the Playing Audio Troubleshooter, you can use this troubleshooter to try and fix the volume control issue on your PC. You can access this tool in the Control Panel or in the Taskbar Search and even on the Troubleshooters page of Windows 10. Run this troubleshooter and see if it can fix the issue or not.

Fix Error code 30068 when installing Office

If you are trying to install Microsoft Office on your Windows 10 computer but encounter an error code 30068 instead, read on as this post will guide you in fixing this problem. One of the causes of this error is an issue with the Office Click-to-Run service. It can also occur due to issues with the installation. And aside from the error code 30068, the error codes could also appear like this: 30068-29 (2), 30068-4 (3), 30068-4 (1715), 30068-39 (3), and many more. In most cases, the installation of Microsoft Office happens directly from the Microsoft servers which work via Click-to-Run service. This service is an alternative to MSI or offline installation. It is a Microsoft streaming and virtualization technology that helps in reducing the time that’s required to install Microsoft Office. Although it saves a lot of time, it also requires a good and stable internet connection for it to properly work. So if you encounter error code 30068 or any of the aforementioned error codes above when using this service, here are some potential fixes that could help.

Option 1 – Try to restart your computer and reinstall Office

The first thing you can do is restart your computer and then try installing Office again. It is possible that there’s some glitch and a restart might fix it. Once you’ve restarted your computer, install Office again. And if the online installation didn’t work, you can also try to download an offline Office setup.

Option 2 – Try checking if the Click-to-Run service is disabled

The next thing you can do is to verify if the Click-to-Run service is enabled or disabled. You can check its status in Services. How? Refer to these steps:

Tap the Win + R keys to open the Run dialog box and then type “services.msc” in the field and tap Enter or click OK to open Services.
Next, look for the Microsoft Click-to-Run service from the list of services and once you found it, double click on it.
After that, go to the General tab and in the Startup type section, click on the drop-down menu and select Automatic.
Then click on the Apply and OK buttons to save the changes made.
Once you’re done, try to install Office again and see if the error is now fixed.

Option 3 – Try to uninstall and reinstall Office If neither of the two given options above worked, then you might want to uninstall Office and reinstall it. All you have to do is download the Microsoft Office Uninstall tool from the official site of Microsoft and run it. This will remove any incomplete Office installation as well as unwanted files. It will also get rid of all the Office apps and settings on your computer. This same option can be also applied if you encountered error code 30068-4 (3) when installing Office. On the other hand, if the Uninstaller tool throws an error that says, “Office installation is missing”, you have to check if there is an ongoing installation of Office.

How to remove BIOS password

BIOS is software that is running in a chip located on your motherboard, you can enter BIOS usually by hitting DEL once the computer is turned ON but this sometimes varies and it depends solely on the motherboard manufacturer. Inside BIOS you can configure your computer components and set up some other important things including passwords for BIOS itself or for the entire system. Password itself is meant to protect access to BIOS from other non-technical users or to prevent access to the system from other people if for example computer is in one household and you would like to be the only one having access to it. However, passwords can be forgotten, and sometimes you can even purchase a second-hand computer with a password on it. In this guide, we will lead you through ways on how to remove your BIOS password so you can regain access to your BIOS settings.

Use Manufacturers master password
Most motherboard manufacturers have built-in a couple of master passwords for BIOS access. If your motherboard has one you can easily find it on the manufacturer's website. Use the master password and remove other passwords inside BIOS, save and exit.
Remove CMOS battery
If you could not find the manufacturer's master password or your motherboard model does not have one remove the CMOS battery to reset BIOS. Note that this method will reset the whole BIOS not only the password. Open on side of your computer casing and locate the round battery on it, do not worry, there is only one battery so you can not make mistake. Remove the battery and leave it outside for around 20 to 30 minutes then place it back as it was, CMOS is reset now and you can access BIOS.
Reset BIOS via jumper
If you want to remove only the password and do not touch other BIOS setting you can locate the BIOS password reset jumper. How the location of this jumper and position is different from the motherboard to motherboard we can not cover them all here and it is advisable to read the manual or find information on the official manufacturer's website.

If you would like to read more helpful articles and tips about various software and hardware visit errortools.com daily.

How to Fix Error 1321 on Your PC

Error 1321 - What is it?

Error 1321 is a Windows PC error. This occurs when you try to install a Microsoft Office suite or program on your PC. The set-up program stops responding and the error message is displayed on the computer screen in the following format:

‘Error 1321. Setup cannot modify the file file_name. Verify that the file exists in your system and that you have sufficient permissions to update it.’

When this error occurs you cannot roll back the installation of the Office Suite or use the Add/Remove program option to remove the installed program.

Solution

Error Causes

Common causes of the occurrence of error 1321 are:

Encrypt contents to secure data settings are enabled on the folder in which you are trying to install the Office suite/ program.
PC infected by viruses
Bad Registry Entries

Further Information and Manual Repair

The good news is that this error code is not fatal and besides it is also easy to resolve. Here are some easy do it yourself methods for you to repair this error on your system in a few minutes:

Method 1: Disable Encrypt Contents to Secure Data

To resolve this error code, make sure the encrypted contents to secure data settings are not enabled. To do so, simply right-click the folder in which you want to install the MS Office Suite or program. Now click properties and then the General tab. Now go to the Advanced option. In the Advanced Attributes dialog box, make sure that the Encrypt contents to secure data check box under Compress or Encrypt Attributes is disabled. If it is not then un-check to disable.

Method 2: Remove Viruses

Viral infection can also trigger error 1321. If this is the reason, then simply install and run a powerful antivirus on your system. An antivirus detects all types of malicious viruses such as malware, adware, spyware, and Trojans. Remove them to resolve the issue.

Method 3: Download Restoro.

If the issue is related to bad registry entries, then it is advisable to download Restoro on your PC. This is a user-friendly and powerful PC Fixer deployed with a registry cleaner. The registry cleaner scans your entire PC and wipes away all the bad entries cluttering and damaging the registry in seconds. Click here to download Restoro and resolve error code 1321 today.

HTTP Error 500 – Edge Installation or Update

If you are trying to install or update Microsoft Edge on your Windows 10 computer but ended up getting HTTP Error 500 or Error 0x8004xxxx or 0x8007xxxx, then you’ve come to the right place as this post will help you sort this problem out. The aforementioned errors when either installing or updating the Edge browser occur due to a Network issue. There is actually a range of error codes that are associated with the network connection issue. These error codes include Error 500 or 0x80010108, 0x80040801, 0x80042193, 0x80042194, 0x800421F4, 0x800421F6, 0x800421F7, 0x800421F8, 0x80072742, 0x80072EE2, 0x80072EE7, 0x80072EFD, and 0x80072EFE. To fix them, there are several options you can try. You can try to run the Network Adapter troubleshooter or update or reset the Network Adapter as well as check and the proxy configuration.

Option 1- Try updating the Network Adapter Driver

Follow the steps below to update your Network Adapter Driver:

Tap the Win + R keys to launch the Run window and then type in the “MSC” command and hit Enter to open the Device Manager window.
From there, expand the list of all the network drives and update each one of them.

Note: If updating the network drivers didn’t help in fixing the problem, you can also try to uninstall the very same drivers and restart your Windows 10 PC. After that, the system itself will reinstall the drivers you just uninstalled. Alternatively, you can also download and install the drivers from the manufacturer’s website directly.

Option 2 – Run the Network Adapter troubleshooter

To run the Network Troubleshooter, refer to these steps:

Open the Search bar on your computer and type in “troubleshoot” to open the Troubleshoot settings.
Next, scroll down and select the “Network Adapter” option from the right pane.
Then click on the Run Troubleshooter” button.
After that, your computer will check for any possible errors and will pinpoint the root cause of the problem if possible.
Restart your computer.

Option 3 – Try to reset the Network Adapter

You can also try to perform a Network Reset to resolve the problem. This will reset the entire network configuration including your IP address. To perform Network Reset, follow these steps:

Tap the Win + I keys to open Settings.
From there, go to the Network and Internet section.
Next, scroll down and look for “Network Reset” under the status pane.
After that, click on Network Reset and then on Reset now to start resetting the network configuration. Once done, check if it is able to fix the error or not.

Option 4 – Try to fix the Proxy Settings

In the Cortana search box, search for Internet Explorer and then click on the related search result.
After that, tap the Win + T keys on your keyboard and click on Internet Options.
Next, navigate to the Connections tab and click on LAN Settings.
Then click on the Advanced button and delete all the entries in the list generated in the Exceptions section. And if the Advanced button is disabled because the “Use a proxy server for your LAN (These settings will not apply to dial-up or VPN connections)” option is disabled then you are good to go. Now proceed to the next step.
Tap the Win + X keys or right-click on the Start button and select Command Prompt (Admin) or you could also search for “cmd” in the Cortana search box and right-click on Command Prompt from the search results and select the “Run as administrator” option.
If a User Account Control appears, click on Yes to proceed. After that, type each one of the commands listed below, and don’t forget to hit Enter after you type each one of them.
- netsh winhttp reset proxy
- net stop wuauserv
- net start wuauserv

Now restart your computer and check if the problem is fixed or not by installing or updating Microsoft Edge again.

Explanation of deep and dark WEB

Often when we connect to the internet were browsing indexed pages through some well-known search engine, usually Google. But beneath the so-called normal internet lurks deep and dark web. You might have heard of the deep web and dark web if you have some geeky friends and we are here to explain what exactly is the deep and dark web. The first thing to know is that the deep and dark web is not the same thing and they coexist separately from one another, you could say that beneath the deep web lies the dark web, yet another layer of the internet. So let us explore first the deep web. What is exactly a deep web?

Deep web, hidden web, or invisible web

as sometimes referenced are part of worldwide web not indexed by search engines, meaning that engines do not basically see and index content of deep web sites. The content of the deep web is hidden behind HTTP forms and includes many very common uses such as webmail, online banking, private or otherwise restricted access social-media pages and profiles, some web forums that require registration for viewing content, and services that users must pay for, and which are protected by paywalls, such as video on demand and some online magazines and newspapers. The content of the deep web can be located and accessed by a direct URL or IP address but may require a password or other security access to get past public website pages. While it is not always possible to directly discover a specific web server's content so that it may be indexed, a site potentially can be accessed indirectly (due to computer vulnerabilities). To discover content on the web, search engines use web crawlers that follow hyperlinks through known protocol virtual port numbers. This technique is ideal for discovering content on the surface web but is often ineffective at finding deep web content. For example, these crawlers do not attempt to find dynamic pages that are the result of database queries due to the indeterminate number of queries that are possible. It has been noted that this can be (partially) overcome by providing links to query results, but this could unintentionally inflate the popularity of a member of the deep web.

Dark WEB

The dark web is the World Wide Web content that exists on darknets: overlay networks that use the Internet but require specific software, configurations, or authorization to access. Through the dark web, private computer networks can communicate and conduct business anonymously without divulging identifying information, such as a user's location. The dark web forms a small part of the deep web, the part of the Web not indexed by web search engines, although sometimes the term deep web is mistakenly used to refer specifically to the dark web. The darknets which constitute the dark web include small, friend-to-friend peer-to-peer networks, as well as large, popular networks such as Tor, Freenet, I2P, and Riffle operated by public organizations and individuals. Users of the dark web refer to the regular web as Clearnet due to its unencrypted nature. The Tor dark web or Onionland uses the traffic anonymization technique of onion routing under the network's top-level domain suffix .onion.

Dark & Deep WEB difference

The dark web has often been conflated with the deep web, the parts of the web not indexed (searchable) by search engines. The dark web forms a small part of the deep web but requires custom software in order to access its content. This confusion dates back to at least 2009. Since then, especially in reporting on Silk Road, the two terms have often been conflated, despite recommendations that they should be distinguished. Darknet websites are accessible only through networks such as Tor ("The Onion Routing" project) and I2P ("Invisible Internet Project"). Tor browser and Tor-accessible sites are widely used among darknet users and can be identified by the domain ".onion". While Tor focuses on providing anonymous access to the Internet, I2P specializes in allowing anonymous hosting of websites. Identities and locations of darknet users stay anonymous and cannot be tracked due to the layered encryption system. The darknet encryption technology routes users' data through a large number of intermediate servers, which protects the users' identity and guarantees anonymity. The transmitted information can be decrypted only by a subsequent node in the scheme, which leads to the exit node. The complicated system makes it almost impossible to reproduce the node path and decrypt the information layer by layer. Due to the high level of encryption, websites are not able to track the geolocation and IP of their users, and users are not able to get this information about the host. Thus, communication between darknet users is highly encrypted allowing users to talk, blog, and share files confidentially.

Darknet

The darknet is also used for illegal activity such as illegal trade, forums, and media exchange for pedophiles and terrorists. At the same time, traditional websites have created alternative accessibility for the Tor browser in an effort to connect with their users. ProPublica, for example, launched a new version of its website available exclusively to Tor users.

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